Nasaruddin Muhammad Luqman, Tajul Arifin Khaizurin
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Nov 19;7(11):987. doi: 10.3390/jof7110987.
This scoping review is aimed at the application of the metabolomics platform to dissect key metabolites and their intermediates to observe the regulatory mechanisms of starvation-induced autophagy in . Four research papers were shortlisted in this review following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We observed a commonly shared pathway undertaken by under nutritional stress. Targeted and untargeted metabolomics was applied in either of these studies using varying platforms resulting in the annotation of several different observable metabolites. We saw a commonly shared pathway undertaken by under nutritional stress. Following nitrogen starvation, the concentration of cellular nucleosides was altered as a result of autophagic RNA degradation. Additionally, it is also found that autophagy replenishes amino acid pools to sustain macromolecule synthesis. Furthermore, in glucose starvation, nucleosides were broken down into carbonaceous metabolites that are being funneled into the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. The ribose salvage allows for the survival of starved yeast. Moreover, acute glucose starvation showed autophagy to be involved in maintaining ATP/energy levels. We highlighted the practicality of metabolomics as a tool to better understand the underlying mechanisms involved to maintain homeostasis by recycling degradative products to ensure the survival of under starvation. The application of metabolomics has extended the scope of autophagy and provided newer intervention targets against cancer as well as neurodegenerative diseases in which autophagy is implicated.
本综述旨在应用代谢组学平台剖析关键代谢物及其中间体，以观察饥饿诱导自噬在……中的调控机制。按照纳入和排除标准，本综述筛选出了四篇研究论文。我们观察到……在营养应激下有一条共同的途径。在这些研究中，使用了不同的平台应用靶向和非靶向代谢组学，从而注释了几种不同的可观察到的代谢物。我们看到……在营养应激下有一条共同的途径。氮饥饿后，由于自噬性RNA降解，细胞核苷的浓度发生了变化。此外，还发现自噬补充氨基酸库以维持大分子合成。此外，在葡萄糖饥饿时，核苷被分解为含碳代谢物，这些代谢物被导入非氧化戊糖磷酸途径。核糖补救途径使饥饿的酵母得以存活。此外，急性葡萄糖饥饿表明自噬参与维持ATP/能量水平。我们强调了代谢组学作为一种工具的实用性，通过循环降解产物来更好地理解维持体内平衡所涉及的潜在机制，以确保……在饥饿状态下存活。代谢组学的应用扩展了自噬的研究范围，并为自噬相关的癌症和神经退行性疾病提供了新的干预靶点。
