Miller Lisa M Soederberg, Applegate Elizabeth, Beckett Laurel A, Wilson Machelle D, Gibson Tanja N
1Department of Human Ecology,University of California,Davis,One Shields Avenue,Davis,CA 95616,USA.
3Department of Nutrition,University of California,Davis,Davis,CA,USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2017 Apr;20(5):786-796. doi: 10.1017/S1368980016003219. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
The ability to use serving size information on food labels is important for managing age-related chronic conditions such as diabetes, obesity and cancer. Past research suggests that older adults are at risk for failing to accurately use this portion of the food label due to numeracy skills. However, the extent to which older adults pay attention to serving size information on packages is unclear. We compared the effects of numeracy and attention on age differences in accurate use of serving size information while individuals evaluated product healthfulness.
Accuracy and attention were assessed across two tasks in which participants compared nutrition labels of two products to determine which was more healthful if they were to consume the entire package. Participants' eye movements were monitored as a measure of attention while they compared two products presented side-by-side on a computer screen. Numeracy as well as food label habits and nutrition knowledge were assessed using questionnaires.
Sacramento area, California, USA, 2013-2014.
Stratified sample of 358 adults, aged 20-78 years.
Accuracy declined with age among those older adults who paid less attention to serving size information. Although numeracy, nutrition knowledge and self-reported food label use supported accuracy, these factors did not influence age differences in accuracy.
The data suggest that older adults are less accurate than younger adults in their use of serving size information. Age differences appear to be more related to lack of attention to serving size information than to numeracy skills.
能够运用食品标签上的食用份量信息对于管理与年龄相关的慢性疾病（如糖尿病、肥胖症和癌症）至关重要。以往研究表明，由于计算能力的原因，老年人在准确运用食品标签这一部分信息时存在风险。然而，老年人对包装上食用份量信息的关注程度尚不清楚。在个体评估产品健康程度时，我们比较了计算能力和注意力对准确使用食用份量信息方面年龄差异的影响。
在两项任务中评估准确性和注意力，参与者比较两种产品的营养标签，以确定如果他们要食用整包产品，哪种产品更健康。当参与者在电脑屏幕上并排比较两种产品时，监测他们的眼动作为注意力的衡量指标。使用问卷评估计算能力以及食品标签习惯和营养知识。
美国加利福尼亚州萨克拉门托地区，2013 - 2014年。
358名年龄在20 - 78岁之间的成年人的分层样本。
在那些对食用份量信息关注较少的老年人中，准确性随年龄下降。尽管计算能力、营养知识和自我报告的食品标签使用情况支持准确性，但这些因素并未影响准确性方面的年龄差异。
数据表明，老年人在使用食用份量信息方面不如年轻人准确。年龄差异似乎更多地与对食用份量信息缺乏关注有关，而非计算能力。
