Via P. Castellino 111, Napoli, 80131, Italy.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2017 Feb;6(3). doi: 10.1002/adhm.201601125. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
Nanostructured porous materials promise a next generation of innovative devices for healthcare and biomedical applications. The fabrication of such materials generally requires complex synthesis procedures, not always available in laboratories or sustainable in industries, and has adverse environmental impact. Nanosized porous materials can also be obtained from natural resources, which are an attractive alternative approach to man-made fabrication. Biogenic nanoporous silica from diatoms, and diatomaceous earths, constitutes largely available, low-cost reservoir of mesoporous nanodevices that can be engineered for theranostic applications, ranging from subcellular imaging to drug delivery. In this progress report, main experiences on nature-derived nanoparticles with healthcare and biomedical functionalities are reviewed and critically analyzed in search of a new collection of biocompatible porous nanomaterials.
纳米结构多孔材料有望为医疗保健和生物医学应用带来新一代创新设备。此类材料的制造通常需要复杂的合成工艺，并非实验室中总是可用的，也无法在工业中可持续，并且对环境有不利影响。纳米级多孔材料也可以从自然资源中获得，这是一种有吸引力的替代人工制造的方法。来自硅藻的生物成因纳米多孔二氧化硅和硅藻土构成了大量可用的、低成本的介孔纳米器件库，可用于治疗诊断应用，从亚细胞成像到药物输送。在本进展报告中，综述了具有医疗保健和生物医学功能的天然衍生纳米颗粒的主要经验，并进行了批判性分析，以期寻找一系列新的生物相容多孔纳米材料。
