Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze fisiche della Materia (CNISM) , 10125 Torino Unit, Italy.
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) , 10125 sez. Torino, Italy.
ACS Chem Neurosci. 2017 Feb 15;8(2):252-264. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00328. Epub 2017 Jan 20.
High biocompatibility, outstanding electrochemical responsiveness, inertness, and transparency make diamond-based multiarrays (DBMs) first-rate biosensors for in vitro detection of electrochemical and electrical signals from excitable cells together, with potential for in vivo applications as neural interfaces and prostheses. Here, we will review the electrochemical and physical properties of various DBMs and how these devices have been employed for recording released neurotransmitter molecules and all-or-none action potentials from living cells. Specifically, we will overview how DBMs can resolve localized exocytotic events from subcellular compartments using high-density microelectrode arrays (MEAs), or monitoring oxidizable neurotransmitter release from populations of cells in culture and tissue slices using low-density MEAs. Interfacing DBMs with excitable cells is currently leading to the promising opportunity of recording electrical signals as well as creating neuronal interfaces through the same device. Given the recent increasingly growing development of newly available DBMs of various geometries to monitor electrical activity and neurotransmitter release in a variety of excitable and neuronal tissues, the discussion will be limited to planar DBMs.
高生物相容性、出色的电化学响应性、惰性和透明度使基于金刚石的多阵列（DBM）成为用于体外检测可兴奋细胞电化学和电信号的一流生物传感器，具有作为神经接口和假体的体内应用潜力。在这里，我们将回顾各种 DBM 的电化学和物理特性，以及这些设备如何用于记录释放的神经递质分子和来自活细胞的全有或全无动作电位。具体来说，我们将概述 DBM 如何使用高密度微电极阵列（MEA）从亚细胞区室解析局部胞吐事件，或使用低密度 MEA 监测培养细胞和组织切片中群体的可氧化神经递质释放。将 DBM 与可兴奋细胞接口目前为通过同一设备记录电信号以及创建神经元接口提供了有希望的机会。鉴于最近可用于监测各种可兴奋和神经元组织中的电活动和神经递质释放的各种几何形状的新型 DBM 的日益发展，讨论将仅限于平面 DBM。
