Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Medicine - Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Public Health - Department of Health Services Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark; Bandim Health Project, INDEPTH Network, Apartado 861, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
Int J Infect Dis. 2017 Mar;56:54-61. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.12.016. Epub 2016 Dec 24.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in low- and middle-income countries, and in many of these countries, the burden of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension is rising. Knowledge about how these diseases influence each other is limited.
A systematic review of the literature was performed to evaluate the evidence for an association between hypertension and TB.
Three retrospective cohort studies, three case-control studies, eight cross-sectional studies, 12 case series, and 20 case reports exploring the association between hypertension and TB were included in the review. One cohort study found a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension among TB patients compared to controls. Cross-sectional studies reported a prevalence of hypertension in TB patients ranging from 0.7% to 38.3%. No studies were designed to assess whether hypertension is a risk factor for developing active TB.
Overall, no evidence was found to support an association between TB and hypertension; however, the results of this review must be interpreted with caution due to the lack of properly designed studies.
结核病（TB）仍然是低收入和中等收入国家的一个主要健康问题，在这些国家中的许多国家，高血压等非传染性疾病的负担正在增加。关于这些疾病如何相互影响的知识有限。
对文献进行了系统评价，以评估高血压与 TB 之间关联的证据。
该综述共纳入了三项回顾性队列研究、三项病例对照研究、八项横断面研究、十二项病例系列研究和二十项病例报告，探讨了高血压与 TB 之间的关联。一项队列研究发现，与对照组相比，TB 患者的高血压患病率显著更高。横断面研究报告了 TB 患者的高血压患病率范围为 0.7%至 38.3%。没有研究旨在评估高血压是否是发生活动性 TB 的危险因素。
总体而言，没有证据支持 TB 与高血压之间存在关联；然而，由于缺乏精心设计的研究，必须谨慎解释本综述的结果。
