Playdon Mary C, Moore Steven C, Derkach Andriy, Reedy Jill, Subar Amy F, Sampson Joshua N, Albanes Demetrius, Gu Fangyi, Kontto Jukka, Lassale Camille, Liao Linda M, Männistö Satu, Mondul Alison M, Weinstein Stephanie J, Irwin Melinda L, Mayne Susan T, Stolzenberg-Solomon Rachael
Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT;
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Feb;105(2):450-465. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.144501. Epub 2016 Dec 28.
Healthy dietary patterns that conform to national dietary guidelines are related to lower chronic disease incidence and longer life span. However, the precise mechanisms involved are unclear. Identifying biomarkers of dietary patterns may provide tools to validate diet quality measurement and determine underlying metabolic pathways influenced by diet quality.
The objective of this study was to examine the correlation of 4 diet quality indexes [the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2010, the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED), the WHO Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), and the Baltic Sea Diet (BSD)] with serum metabolites.
We evaluated dietary patterns and metabolites in male Finnish smokers (n = 1336) from 5 nested case-control studies within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort. Participants completed a validated food-frequency questionnaire and provided a fasting serum sample before study randomization (1985-1988). Metabolites were measured with the use of mass spectrometry. We analyzed cross-sectional partial correlations of 1316 metabolites with 4 diet quality indexes, adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking, energy intake, education, and physical activity. We pooled estimates across studies with the use of fixed-effects meta-analysis with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, and conducted metabolic pathway analyses.
The HEI-2010, aMED, HDI, and BSD were associated with 23, 46, 23, and 33 metabolites, respectively (17, 21, 11, and 10 metabolites, respectively, were chemically identified; r-range: -0.30 to 0.20; P = 6 × 10 to 8 × 10). Food-based diet indexes (HEI-2010, aMED, and BSD) were associated with metabolites correlated with most components used to score adherence (e.g., fruit, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and unsaturated fat). HDI correlated with metabolites related to polyunsaturated fat and fiber components, but not other macro- or micronutrients (e.g., percentages of protein and cholesterol). The lysolipid and food and plant xenobiotic pathways were most strongly associated with diet quality.
Diet quality, measured by healthy diet indexes, is associated with serum metabolites, with the specific metabolite profile of each diet index related to the diet components used to score adherence. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00342992.
符合国家饮食指南的健康饮食模式与较低的慢性病发病率和较长的寿命相关。然而，其中的确切机制尚不清楚。确定饮食模式的生物标志物可能提供工具来验证饮食质量测量，并确定受饮食质量影响的潜在代谢途径。
本研究的目的是检验4种饮食质量指数[2010年健康饮食指数（HEI）、替代地中海饮食评分（aMED）、世界卫生组织健康饮食指标（HDI）和波罗的海饮食（BSD）]与血清代谢物之间的相关性。
我们在α-生育酚、β-胡萝卜素癌症预防研究队列中的5项巢式病例对照研究中评估了芬兰男性吸烟者（n = 1336）的饮食模式和代谢物。参与者完成了一份经过验证的食物频率问卷，并在研究随机分组前（1985 - 1988年）提供了空腹血清样本。使用质谱法测量代谢物。我们分析了1316种代谢物与4种饮食质量指数的横断面偏相关性，并对年龄、体重指数、吸烟、能量摄入、教育程度和身体活动进行了调整。我们使用固定效应荟萃分析合并各研究的估计值，并采用Bonferroni校正进行多重比较，同时进行代谢途径分析。
HEI - 2010、aMED、HDI和BSD分别与23种、46种、23种和33种代谢物相关（分别有17种、21种、11种和10种代谢物经化学鉴定；r范围：-0.30至0.20；P = 6×10至8×10）。基于食物的饮食指数（HEI - 2010、aMED和BSD）与与用于评分依从性的大多数成分相关的代谢物相关（例如，水果、蔬菜、全谷物、鱼类和不饱和脂肪）。HDI与与多不饱和脂肪和纤维成分相关的代谢物相关，但与其他常量或微量营养素（例如蛋白质和胆固醇的百分比）无关。溶血脂质以及食物和植物外源性物质途径与饮食质量的关联最为强烈。
通过健康饮食指数衡量的饮食质量与血清代谢物相关，每种饮食指数的特定代谢物谱与用于评分依从性的饮食成分相关。本试验在clinicaltrials.gov上注册，注册号为NCT00342992。
