Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Biology, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2017 Oct;45(7):1325-1337. doi: 10.1007/s10802-016-0257-2.
Youth and adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) experience academic and social impairment and engage in risky behaviors. Emotion dysregulation (ED) is associated with ADHD and may contribute to these impairments and behaviors. Although many measures of ED exist, little is known about the physiological bases of ED, in the context of ADHD. In a large sample of children (M = 9.01 years; 62% male) with (n = 48) and without (n = 56) ADHD, we examined (1) the correspondence between parent-reported ED and heart rate variability (HRV) - a psychophysiological marker of parasympathetic engagement and (2) whether parent-reported ED is predicted by HRV above and beyond ADHD. For both aims, we tested both dichotomous and continuous indices of parent-reported ED. Results indicated (1) a dichotomous index of parent-reported emotion regulation was associated with HRV and (2) this index was predicted by HRV above and beyond ADHD. Together, findings indicate that the correspondence between ED and HRV depends on the specific manifestation of ED that is considered (emotion regulation vs. lability/negativity) and the way in which ED is conceptualized (dichotomous vs. continuous).
青少年和成年人注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 患者存在学业和社交障碍，并从事危险行为。情绪调节障碍 (ED) 与 ADHD 有关，可能导致这些障碍和行为。尽管存在许多 ED 评估方法，但在 ADHD 背景下，ED 的生理基础知之甚少。在一项针对儿童（M=9.01 岁；62%为男性）的大样本中（n=48 例 ADHD 儿童，n=56 例非 ADHD 儿童），我们考察了：(1) 父母报告的 ED 与心率变异性（HRV）之间的一致性，HRV 是副交感神经参与的生理心理标记；(2) 父母报告的 ED 是否可以通过 HRV 预测，而与 ADHD 无关。对于这两个目标，我们都测试了父母报告的 ED 的二分类和连续指标。结果表明：(1) 父母报告的情绪调节的二分类指数与 HRV 相关；(2) 该指数可以通过 HRV 预测，而与 ADHD 无关。总之，研究结果表明，ED 与 HRV 的一致性取决于所考虑的 ED 的具体表现（情绪调节与不稳定性/消极性）和 ED 的概念化方式（二分类与连续）。
