Carlson Debra J, Inder Jodie, Palanisamy Suresh K A, McFarlane James R, Dieberg Gudrun, Smart Neil A
School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Dec;95(52):e5791. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000005791.
Hypertension is a major risk factor contributing to cardiovascular disease, which is the number one cause of deaths worldwide. Although antihypertensive medications are effective at controlling blood pressure, current first-line treatment for hypertension is nonpharmacological lifestyle modifications. Recent studies indicate that isometric resistance training (IRT) may also be effective for assisting with blood pressure management. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of IRT for blood pressure management and the suitability of a low-intensity working control group.
Forty hypertensive individuals, aged between 36 and 65 years, conducted IRT for 8 weeks. Participants were randomized into 2 groups, working at an intensity of either 5% or 30% of their maximum voluntary contraction. Participants performed 4 × 2 minute isometric handgrip exercises with their nondominant hand, each separated by a 3-minute rest period, 3 days a week.
Blood pressure measurements were conducted at baseline and at the end of the protocol using a Finometer. Eight weeks of isometric resistance training resulted in a 7-mmHg reduction of resting systolic blood pressure (SBP) (136 ± 12 to 129 ± 15; P = 0.04) in the 30% group. Reductions of 4 mmHg were also seen in mean arterial pressure (MAP) (100 ± 8 to 96 ± 11; P = 0.04) in the 30% group. There were no statistically significant reductions in diastolic blood pressure for the 30% group, or any of the data for the 5% group.
Isometric resistance training conducted using handgrip exercise at 30% of maximum voluntary contraction significantly reduced SBP and MAP. A lack of reduction in blood pressure in the 5% group indicates that a low-intensity group may be suitable as a working control for future studies.
高血压是导致心血管疾病的主要风险因素，而心血管疾病是全球首要死因。尽管抗高血压药物在控制血压方面有效，但目前高血压的一线治疗方法是非药物性的生活方式改变。最近的研究表明，等长抗阻训练（IRT）在辅助血压管理方面可能也有效。本研究的目的是确定IRT在血压管理方面的疗效以及低强度工作对照组的适用性。
40名年龄在36至65岁之间的高血压患者进行了为期8周的IRT。参与者被随机分为两组，分别以其最大自主收缩力的5%或30%的强度进行训练。参与者用非优势手进行4组，每组2分钟的等长握力练习，每组之间休息3分钟，每周进行3天。
在基线和方案结束时使用Finometer进行血压测量。30%强度组进行8周的等长抗阻训练后，静息收缩压（SBP）降低了7 mmHg（从136±12降至129±15；P = 0.04）。30%强度组的平均动脉压（MAP）也降低了4 mmHg（从100±8降至96±11；P = 0.04）。30%强度组的舒张压没有统计学上的显著降低，5%强度组的任何数据也没有变化。
以最大自主收缩力的30%进行握力练习的等长抗阻训练显著降低了SBP和MAP。5%强度组血压没有降低表明低强度组可能适合作为未来研究的工作对照组。
