Ranford-Cartwright Lisa C, McGeechan Sion, Inch Donald, Smart Graeme, Richterová Lenka, Mwangi Jonathan M
Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2016 Dec 29;11(12):e0168999. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168999. eCollection 2016.
Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto was recently reclassified as two species, An. coluzzii and An. gambiae s.s., in wild-caught mosquitoes, on the basis of the molecular form, denoted M or S, of a marker on the X chromosome. The An. gambiae Keele line is an outbred laboratory colony strain that was developed around 12 years ago by crosses between mosquitoes from 4 existing An. gambiae colonies. Laboratory colonies of mosquitoes often have limited genetic diversity because of small starting populations (founder effect) and subsequent fluctuations in colony size. Here we describe the characterisation of the chromosomal form(s) present in the Keele line, and investigate the diversity present in the colony using microsatellite markers on chromosome 3. We also characterise the large 2La inversion on chromosome 2. The results indicate that only the M-form of the chromosome X marker is present in the Keele colony, which was unexpected given that 3 of the 4 parent colonies were probably S-form. Levels of diversity were relatively high, as indicated by a mean number of microsatellite alleles of 6.25 across 4 microsatellites, in at least 25 mosquitoes. Both karyotypes of the inversion on chromosome 2 (2La/2L+a) were found to be present at approximately equal proportions. The Keele colony has a mixed M- and S-form origin, and in common with the PEST strain, we propose continuing to denote it as an An. gambiae s.s. line.
冈比亚按蚊狭义种最近被重新分类为两个物种，即科卢齐按蚊和冈比亚按蚊狭义种，这是基于在野外捕获的蚊子中，X染色体上一个标记的分子形式（表示为M或S）得出的。冈比亚按蚊基尔品系是一个远交实验室群体品系，大约在12年前由来自4个现有冈比亚按蚊群体的蚊子杂交培育而成。由于起始种群较小（奠基者效应）以及随后群体大小的波动，蚊子的实验室群体通常遗传多样性有限。在此，我们描述了基尔品系中存在的染色体形式的特征，并使用3号染色体上的微卫星标记研究了该群体中的多样性。我们还对2号染色体上的大2La倒位进行了特征描述。结果表明，基尔群体中仅存在X染色体标记的M型，鉴于4个亲本群体中有3个可能是S型，这一结果出乎意料。多样性水平相对较高，至少在25只蚊子中，4个微卫星的微卫星等位基因平均数量为6.25，表明了这一点。发现2号染色体倒位的两种核型（2La/2L+a）比例大致相等。基尔群体有混合的M型和S型起源，与PEST品系一样，我们建议继续将其表示为冈比亚按蚊狭义种品系。
