Bowman Elizabeth, Tatar Marc
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, RI, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Marion County (Indiana) Public Health Department, IN, USA.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University , RI, USA.
Nutr Healthy Aging. 2016 Oct 27;4(1):55-61. doi: 10.3233/NHA-1613.
The ratio of protein to carbohydrate (P:C) consumed influences reproduction and lifespan, outcomes that are often maximized by different P:C intake. Determine if reproduction in female Drosophila drives elevated P:C intake. Distinguish whether such a preference is driven by egg production or from male-derived sex peptides in seminal fluid. Intake of protein and carbohydrate was measured in a diet-choice assay. Macronutrient intake was calculated for mated and unmated fertile females, mated and unmated sterile females, and both types of female when mated to wildtype males and to males lacking sex peptide. Mated females have high P:C intake relative to unmated females and mated, sterile females. Fertile females mated to wildtype males and to males lacking sex peptide have high P:C intake, but sterile females have similar, low P:C intake when unmated and when mated to males lacking sex peptide. The metabolic demands of egg production and sex peptides are individually sufficient to drive elevated P:C intake in adult female Drosophila. Reproductive state can thus modulate how animals consume macronutrients, which in turn can impact their health and aging.
摄入的蛋白质与碳水化合物的比例（P:C）会影响繁殖和寿命，不同的P:C摄入量往往能使这些结果达到最大化。确定雌性果蝇的繁殖是否会促使其提高P:C摄入量。区分这种偏好是由产卵还是精液中来自雄性的性肽所驱动。在饮食选择试验中测量蛋白质和碳水化合物的摄入量。计算已交配和未交配的可育雌性、已交配和未交配的不育雌性，以及当与野生型雄性和缺乏性肽的雄性交配时这两种类型雌性的常量营养素摄入量。与未交配的雌性和已交配的不育雌性相比，已交配的雌性具有较高的P:C摄入量。与野生型雄性和缺乏性肽的雄性交配的可育雌性具有较高的P:C摄入量，但不育雌性在未交配时以及与缺乏性肽的雄性交配时具有相似的低P:C摄入量。产卵和性肽的代谢需求各自足以促使成年雌性果蝇提高P:C摄入量。因此，生殖状态可以调节动物对常量营养素的消耗方式，这反过来又会影响它们的健康和衰老。
