Harrison N, Poeppl W, Herkner H, Tillhof K D, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer K, Rieger A, Forstner C, Burgmann H, Lagler H
Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Division of General Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
HIV Med. 2017 Aug;18(7):500-506. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12483. Epub 2016 Dec 30.
Influenza vaccination is recommended for HIV-infected patients, but limited data about vaccination rates are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the coverage of and predictors for influenza vaccination among HIV-positive patients.
All HIV-positive patients who visited the HIV out-patient department of the University Hospital of Vienna, Austria, between June and August 2015 were asked to participate in this survey by completing a questionnaire.
A total of 455 HIV-positive patients completed a questionnaire, with 359 male and 96 female participants with a mean age of 46 years. The influenza vaccination rate for the previous season (2014/2015) was 11.9% [n = 54/455; 95% confidence interval (CI) 9.2-15.2%]. Older age was significantly associated with a positive influenza vaccination status. Obtaining information through a medical consultation or receiving a direct recommendation for vaccination by a physician had a significant impact on vaccination behaviour. The probability of being vaccinated against influenza was about 13 times higher among patients who received a recommendation for vaccination by their family physician or by their HIV specialist (P < 0.001). Important reasons for declining vaccination were fear of side effects (39%), not considering influenza as a severe disease (36%) and reasons related to HIV: 17% were worried that the vaccine could worsen the course of HIV infection and 16% believed vaccination would fail because of their compromised immune system.
A low influenza vaccination rate of 11.9% was detected in this HIV-positive cohort. The most effective impact for a positive vaccination status was direct recommendation of the influenza vaccine by the attending physician.
建议对感染艾滋病毒的患者进行流感疫苗接种，但关于接种率的数据有限。本研究的目的是评估艾滋病毒阳性患者的流感疫苗接种覆盖率及预测因素。
2015年6月至8月期间，所有前往奥地利维也纳大学医院艾滋病毒门诊就诊的艾滋病毒阳性患者均被要求通过填写问卷参与本次调查。
共有455名艾滋病毒阳性患者完成了问卷，其中男性359名，女性96名，平均年龄46岁。上一季（2014/2015）的流感疫苗接种率为11.9%[n = 54/455；95%置信区间（CI）9.2 - 15.2%]。年龄较大与流感疫苗接种呈阳性显著相关。通过医疗咨询获取信息或接受医生的直接疫苗接种建议对疫苗接种行为有显著影响。接受家庭医生或艾滋病毒专科医生疫苗接种建议的患者接种流感疫苗的可能性高出约13倍（P < 0.001）。拒绝接种的重要原因包括担心副作用（39%）、不认为流感是严重疾病（36%）以及与艾滋病毒相关的原因：17%担心疫苗会使艾滋病毒感染病情恶化，16%认为由于免疫系统受损疫苗接种会失败。
在这个艾滋病毒阳性队列中，流感疫苗接种率低至11.9%。对疫苗接种呈阳性最有效的影响因素是主治医生对流感疫苗的直接建议。
