Zhao Lu, Kim Jin-Cheol, Paik Man-Jeong, Lee Wonjae, Hur Jae-Seoun
Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-Ro, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.
Molecules. 2016 Dec 26;22(1):26. doi: 10.3390/molecules22010026.
Lichens are considered a great bio-resource because they produce large numbers of secondary metabolites with many biological activities; however, they have not been cultivated under artificial conditions to date. As a result, lichen substances from natural sources are limited and have not been widely utilized in commercial applications. Accordingly, interest in lichen-associated fungi, especially endogenic fungi, has increased. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation in sunlight is harmful to human health, resulting in demand for effective UV filtering agents for use in sunscreen. In this study, we purified (3)-5-hydroxymellein, which has UVA absorption activity, from the secondary metabolites of an endolichenic fungus (ELF000039). The antioxidant properties were then assessed by in vitro tests. The antioxidant activity of (3)-5-hydroxymellein was high when compared to the recognized antioxidants ascorbic acid (ASA) and butyl hydroxyl anisole (BHA). Moreover, the compound exhibited no cytotoxicity toward mouse melanoma cell lines, B16F1 and B16F10, or the normal cell line, HaCaT. Furthermore, (3)-5-hydroxymellein recovered the damage caused by UVB irradiation and inhibited melanin synthesis. Taken together, these results suggest that (3)-5-hydroxymellein could have an interesting and vital profile to go further development as a multifunctional skin UV protectant.
地衣被认为是一种重要的生物资源，因为它们能产生大量具有多种生物活性的次生代谢产物；然而，迄今为止它们尚未在人工条件下培养。因此，天然来源的地衣物质有限，尚未在商业应用中得到广泛利用。相应地，人们对地衣相关真菌，尤其是内生真菌的兴趣增加了。阳光中的紫外线（UV）辐射对人体健康有害，这导致人们对用于防晒霜的有效紫外线过滤剂有需求。在本研究中，我们从一种内生地衣真菌（ELF000039）的次生代谢产物中纯化出了具有UVA吸收活性的（3）-5-羟基间苯二酚。然后通过体外试验评估其抗氧化性能。与公认的抗氧化剂抗坏血酸（ASA）和丁基羟基茴香醚（BHA）相比，（3）-5-羟基间苯二酚的抗氧化活性较高。此外，该化合物对小鼠黑色素瘤细胞系B16F1和B16F10以及正常细胞系HaCaT均无细胞毒性。此外，（3）-5-羟基间苯二酚可修复UVB照射造成的损伤并抑制黑色素合成。综上所述，这些结果表明（3）-5-羟基间苯二酚作为一种多功能皮肤紫外线防护剂，可能具有进一步开发的有趣且重要的特性。
