Cavanaugh J C, Poon L W
Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Ohio 43403.
Psychol Aging. 1989 Sep;4(3):365-8. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.4.3.365.
The relationship between aspects of knowledge about memory and immediate and delayed recall on prose and word-list tasks was examined. Ss were 100 young and 100 older adults. Vocabulary ability was screened. Memory knowledge was assessed by the Metamemory in Adulthood (MIA) scale and the Short Inventory of Memory Experiences (SIME). Capacity and change measures of the MIA correlated with most dimensions of the SIME for both age groups. The anxiety measure of the MIA correlated with SIME measures only for the young. Regression analyses showed that strategy (MIA) predicted performance only for young adults, change (MIA) predicted performance only for older adults, and capacity (MIA) predicted performance for both age groups. Metamemory variables accounted for equivalent amounts of variance in both prose and word-list tasks, although there was an indication that prediction was slightly better for prose. Future researchers need to address the apparent increase in affect-related predictors of memory performance.
研究了关于记忆的知识的各个方面与散文和单词列表任务中的即时回忆和延迟回忆之间的关系。研究对象为100名年轻人和100名老年人。对词汇能力进行了筛选。通过成人元记忆量表（MIA）和记忆体验简短量表（SIME）评估记忆知识。两个年龄组中，MIA的能力和变化指标与SIME的大多数维度相关。MIA的焦虑指标仅与年轻人的SIME指标相关。回归分析表明，策略（MIA）仅能预测年轻人的表现，变化（MIA）仅能预测老年人的表现，能力（MIA）能预测两个年龄组的表现。元记忆变量在散文和单词列表任务中解释的方差量相当，尽管有迹象表明对散文的预测略好。未来的研究人员需要解决记忆表现中与情感相关的预测因素明显增加的问题。
