Magnusson Hanson Linda L, Peristera Paraskevi, Chungkham Holendro Singh, Westerlund Hugo
Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Indian Statistical Institute, North East Centre, Tezpur, India.
PLoS One. 2016 Dec 30;11(12):e0169276. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169276. eCollection 2016.
Lifestyle has been regarded as a key pathway through which adverse psychosocial working characteristics can give rise to long-term health problems. The purpose of this study was to estimate the indirect/mediated effect of health behaviors in the longitudinal work characteristics-depression relationship. The analyses were based on the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health, including 3706 working participants with repeat survey measures on four occasions (2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014). Psychosocial work characteristics including demands and social support were analyzed in relation to depressive symptoms. Autoregressive longitudinal mediation models using structural equation modeling were used to estimate the intermediate effects of unhealthy behaviors including current smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity. Both workplace demands and social support were related to later depressive symptoms. In bivariate models we found no significant paths from workplace demands to health behaviors, but two out of three significant time-specific paths from workplace support to excessive drinking and from excessive drinking to depressive symptoms. Social support was also associated with subsequent unhealthy diet, and one path from unhealthy diet to depressive symptoms was found. However, despite indications of certain longitudinal relationships between psychosocial working conditions and health behaviors as well as between health behaviors and depressive symptoms, no significant intermediate effects were found (p>0.05). We conclude that changes in unhealthy behaviors over a period of two years are unlikely to act as strong intermediaries in the longitudinal relationship between job demands and depressive symptoms and between social support and depressive symptoms.
生活方式被视为一种关键途径，通过它，不良的心理社会工作特征可能引发长期健康问题。本研究的目的是评估健康行为在纵向工作特征与抑郁关系中的间接/中介作用。分析基于瑞典健康纵向职业调查，包括3706名在职参与者，他们在四个时间点（2008年、2010年、2012年和2014年）接受了重复调查测量。分析了包括工作要求和社会支持在内的心理社会工作特征与抑郁症状之间的关系。使用结构方程模型的自回归纵向中介模型来评估不健康行为（包括当前吸烟、过量饮酒、不健康饮食和缺乏身体活动）的中介作用。工作场所要求和社会支持均与后期抑郁症状相关。在双变量模型中，我们发现从工作场所要求到健康行为没有显著路径，但从工作场所支持到过量饮酒以及从过量饮酒到抑郁症状的三条特定时间显著路径中有两条。社会支持也与随后的不健康饮食相关，并且发现了一条从不健康饮食到抑郁症状的路径。然而，尽管心理社会工作条件与健康行为之间以及健康行为与抑郁症状之间存在某些纵向关系的迹象，但未发现显著的中介作用（p>0.05）。我们得出结论，在两年时间内不健康行为的变化不太可能在工作要求与抑郁症状以及社会支持与抑郁症状之间的纵向关系中起到强有力的中介作用。
