Gudmundsson P, Lindwall M, Gustafson D R, Östling S, Hällström T, Waern M, Skoog I
Department for Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2015 Dec;132(6):451-8. doi: 10.1111/acps.12419. Epub 2015 Apr 11.
Physical activity is negatively associated with depressive symptoms. However, few studies consider dynamic associations of changes in physical activity and reciprocal relationships. This study aimed to perform comprehensive evaluations of relationships between physical activity and depression scores in women followed from mid- to late life.
The Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden, provided repeated measures of self-reported physical activity and depressive symptoms between 1974 and 2005 (baseline N = 676, 84.5% response rate). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, and physical activity was evaluated by the Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale. Latent growth curve analyses were used to evaluate associations of change, and cross-lagged models were used to study the reciprocal relationship between physical activity and depression scores.
At baseline, lower levels of physical activity were related to higher depression scores. Individuals with decreasing physical activity over time evidenced higher depression scores at 32-year follow-up. Higher average baseline depression score was related to declining levels of physical activity at subsequent examinations.
Reduced physical activity may be a long-term consequence of depression. It is important to address individual changes in physical activity and not merely absolute levels of physical activity in relationship to depression.
身体活动与抑郁症状呈负相关。然而，很少有研究考虑身体活动变化的动态关联以及相互关系。本研究旨在对从中年到老年女性的身体活动与抑郁评分之间的关系进行全面评估。
瑞典哥德堡女性前瞻性人群研究提供了1974年至2005年期间自我报告的身体活动和抑郁症状的重复测量数据（基线时N = 676，应答率84.5%）。使用蒙哥马利-阿斯伯格抑郁评定量表评估抑郁症状，通过萨尔廷-格林比身体活动水平量表评估身体活动。采用潜在增长曲线分析来评估变化的关联，并使用交叉滞后模型研究身体活动与抑郁评分之间的相互关系。
在基线时，较低的身体活动水平与较高的抑郁评分相关。随着时间推移身体活动减少的个体在32年随访时抑郁评分更高。较高的平均基线抑郁评分与后续检查时身体活动水平下降相关。
身体活动减少可能是抑郁的长期后果。重要的是要关注身体活动的个体变化，而不仅仅是与抑郁相关的身体活动绝对水平。
