Niehaus Eva-Maria, Münsterkötter Martin, Proctor Robert H, Brown Daren W, Sharon Amir, Idan Yifat, Oren-Young Liat, Sieber Christian M, Novák Ondřej, Pěnčík Aleš, Tarkowská Danuše, Hromadová Kristýna, Freeman Stanley, Maymon Marcel, Elazar Meirav, Youssef Sahar A, El-Shabrawy El Said M, Shalaby Abdel Baset A, Houterman Petra, Brock Nelson L, Burkhardt Immo, Tsavkelova Elena A, Dickschat Jeroen S, Galuszka Petr, Güldener Ulrich, Tudzynski Bettina
Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology of Fungi, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.
Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany.
Genome Biol Evol. 2016 Dec 31;8(11):3574-3599. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evw259.
Species of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFC) cause a wide spectrum of often devastating diseases on diverse agricultural crops, including coffee, fig, mango, maize, rice, and sugarcane. Although species within the FFC are difficult to distinguish by morphology, and their genes often share 90% sequence similarity, they can differ in host plant specificity and life style. FFC species can also produce structurally diverse secondary metabolites (SMs), including the mycotoxins fumonisins, fusarins, fusaric acid, and beauvericin, and the phytohormones gibberellins, auxins, and cytokinins. The spectrum of SMs produced can differ among closely related species, suggesting that SMs might be determinants of host specificity. To date, genomes of only a limited number of FFC species have been sequenced. Here, we provide draft genome sequences of three more members of the FFC: a single isolate of F. mangiferae, the cause of mango malformation, and two isolates of F. proliferatum, one a pathogen of maize and the other an orchid endophyte. We compared these genomes to publicly available genome sequences of three other FFC species. The comparisons revealed species-specific and isolate-specific differences in the composition and expression (in vitro and in planta) of genes involved in SM production including those for phytohormome biosynthesis. Such differences have the potential to impact host specificity and, as in the case of F. proliferatum, the pathogenic versus endophytic life style.
藤仓镰孢菌复合种（FFC）的物种会在多种农作物上引发一系列往往具有毁灭性的疾病，这些农作物包括咖啡、无花果、芒果、玉米、水稻和甘蔗。尽管FFC内的物种在形态上难以区分，并且它们的基因序列通常有90%的相似性，但它们在寄主植物特异性和生活方式上可能存在差异。FFC物种还能产生结构多样的次生代谢产物（SMs），包括霉菌毒素伏马菌素、镰孢菌素、镰刀菌酸和白僵菌素，以及植物激素赤霉素、生长素和细胞分裂素。所产生的SMs谱在亲缘关系密切的物种之间可能有所不同，这表明SMs可能是寄主特异性的决定因素。迄今为止，只有有限数量的FFC物种的基因组被测序。在这里，我们提供了FFC另外三个成员的基因组草图序列：导致芒果畸形的芒果镰孢菌的一个分离株，以及层出镰孢菌的两个分离株，其中一个是玉米病原体，另一个是兰花内生菌。我们将这些基因组与其他三个FFC物种的公开可用基因组序列进行了比较。比较结果揭示了参与SM产生（包括植物激素生物合成）的基因在组成和表达（体外和体内）方面的物种特异性和分离株特异性差异。这些差异有可能影响寄主特异性，并且就层出镰孢菌而言，还会影响其致病与内生的生活方式。
