Sandoval Ruben M, Garcia-Sanchez Antonio-Javier, Garcia-Sanchez Felipe, Garcia-Haro Joan
Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (UPCT), Campus Muralla del Mar, E-30202 Cartagena, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2016 Dec 31;17(1):76. doi: 10.3390/s17010076.
IoT has begun to be employed pervasively in industrial environments and critical infrastructures thanks to its positive impact on performance and efficiency. Among these environments, the Smart Grid (SG) excels as the perfect host for this technology, mainly due to its potential to become the motor of the rest of electrically-dependent infrastructures. To make this SG-oriented IoT cost-effective, most deployments employ unlicensed ISM bands, specifically the 2400 MHz one, due to its extended communication bandwidth in comparison with lower bands. This band has been extensively used for years by Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET), from which the IoT technologically inherits. However, this work questions and evaluates the suitability of such a "default" communication band in SG environments, compared with the 915 MHz ISM band. A comprehensive quantitative comparison of these bands has been accomplished in terms of: power consumption, average network delay, and packet reception rate. To allow such a study, a dual-band propagation model specifically designed for the SG has been derived, tested, and incorporated into the well-known TOSSIM simulator. Simulation results reveal that only in the absence of other 2400 MHz interfering devices (such as WiFi or Bluetooth) or in small networks, is the 2400 MHz band the best option. In any other case, SG-oriented IoT quantitatively perform better if operating in the 915 MHz band.
由于物联网（IoT）对性能和效率有积极影响，它已开始在工业环境和关键基础设施中得到广泛应用。在这些环境中，智能电网（SG）作为这项技术的理想载体表现出色，这主要归功于其有潜力成为其他依赖电力的基础设施的驱动力。为了使这种面向智能电网的物联网具有成本效益，大多数部署采用免授权的工业、科学和医疗（ISM）频段，特别是2400兆赫兹频段，因为与较低频段相比，它具有更宽的通信带宽。多年来，这个频段已被无线传感器网络（WSN）和移动自组织网络（MANET）广泛使用，物联网在技术上继承了它们。然而，与915兆赫兹ISM频段相比，本文对这种“默认”通信频段在智能电网环境中的适用性提出质疑并进行评估。已从功耗、平均网络延迟和数据包接收率方面对这些频段进行了全面的定量比较。为了进行这样的研究，专门为智能电网设计的双频段传播模型已被推导、测试并纳入著名的TOSSIM模拟器。仿真结果表明，只有在没有其他2400兆赫兹干扰设备（如WiFi或蓝牙）的情况下或在小型网络中，2400兆赫兹频段才是最佳选择。在任何其他情况下，面向智能电网的物联网在915兆赫兹频段运行时在定量性能上表现更好。
