Lacaud Georges, Kouskoff Valerie
Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Exp Hematol. 2017 May;49:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.12.009. Epub 2016 Dec 30.
The types of progenitors generated during the successive stages of embryonic blood development are now fairly well characterized. The terminology used to describe these waves, however, can still be confusing. What is truly primitive? What is uniquely definitive? These questions become even more challenging to answer when blood progenitors are derived in vitro upon the differentiation of embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells. Similarly, the cellular origin of these blood progenitors can be controversial. Are all blood cells, including the primitive wave, derived from hemogenic endothelium? Is the hemangioblast an in vitro artifact or is this mesoderm entity also present in the developing embryo? Here, we discuss the latest findings and propose some consensus relating to these controversial issues.
在胚胎血液发育的连续阶段中产生的祖细胞类型目前已得到相当充分的表征。然而，用于描述这些细胞群的术语仍然可能令人困惑。什么是真正原始的？什么是独特的定型细胞？当血液祖细胞通过胚胎干细胞或诱导多能干细胞的分化在体外产生时，这些问题的答案变得更具挑战性。同样，这些血液祖细胞的细胞起源也可能存在争议。包括原始细胞群在内的所有血细胞都源自造血内皮吗？成血管细胞是体外人工产物，还是这种中胚层实体也存在于发育中的胚胎中？在这里，我们讨论最新的发现，并就这些有争议的问题提出一些共识。
