Song Yang, Wan Xiaoming, Bai Shuoxin, Guo Dong, Ren Ci, Zeng Yu, Li Yirui, Li Xuewen
Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2017 Jan 3;12(1):e0168297. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168297. eCollection 2017.
The elevation and dissipation of pollutants after the ignition of fireworks in different functional areas of a valley city were investigated.
The Air Quality Index (AQI) as well as inter-day and intra-day concentrations of various air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, O3) were measured during two episodes that took place during Chinese New Year festivities.
For the special terrain of Jinan, the mean concentrations of pollutants increased sharply within 2-4 h of the firework displays, and concentrations were 4-6 times higher than the usual levels. It took 2-3 d for the pollutants to dissipate to background levels. Compared to Preliminary Eve (more fireworks are ignited on New Year's Eve, but the amounts of other human activities are also lesser), the primary pollutants PM2.5, PM10, and CO reached higher concentrations on New Year's Eve, and the highest concentrations of these pollutants were detected in living quarters. All areas suffered from serious pollution problems on New Year's Eve (rural = urban for PM10, but rural > urban for PM2.5). However, SO2 and NO2 levels were 20%-60% lower in living quarters and industrial areas compared to the levels in these same areas on Preliminary Eve. In contrast to the other pollutants, O3 concentrations fell instead of rising with the firework displays.
Interactions between firework displays and other human activities caused different change trends of pollutants. PM2.5 and PM10 were the main pollutants, and the rural living quarter had some of the highest pollution levels.
对山谷城市不同功能区燃放烟花后污染物的升高和消散情况进行了调查。
在中国新年庆祝活动期间的两次事件中，测量了空气质量指数（AQI）以及各种空气污染物（PM10、PM2.5、SO2、NO2、CO、O3）的日间和日内浓度。
对于济南的特殊地形，烟花燃放后2 - 4小时内污染物平均浓度急剧上升，浓度比平时高出4 - 6倍。污染物消散至背景水平需要2 - 3天。与除夕前夜（除夕燃放的烟花更多，但其他人类活动量也较少）相比，除夕时主要污染物PM2.5、PM10和CO的浓度更高，这些污染物的最高浓度在居民区检测到。除夕时所有区域都面临严重污染问题（PM10农村 = 城市，但PM2.5农村 > 城市）。然而，与除夕前夜相比，居民区和工业区的SO2和NO2水平降低了20% - 60%。与其他污染物不同，O3浓度随着烟花燃放反而下降而不是上升。
烟花燃放与其他人类活动之间的相互作用导致了污染物的不同变化趋势。PM2.5和PM10是主要污染物，农村居民区污染水平最高。
