Chandrakar Vibhuti, Yadu Bhumika, Meena Rakesh Kumar, Dubey Amit, Keshavkant S
School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492 010, India.
Aditya Biotech Lab and Research Pvt. Ltd., Raipur 492 010, India.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2017 Mar;112:74-86. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.12.023. Epub 2016 Dec 26.
Presence of the toxic metalloid, "arsenic (As)" is ubiquitous in the environment especially in the soil and water. Its excess availability in the soil retards growth and metabolism of plants via (a) slowing down the cell division/elongation, (b) overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), (c) modulation of antioxidant enzymes, and (d) alteration of DNA profile/genomic template stability (GTS). In the current study, diphenylene iodonium (DPI), 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and proline (Pro) were used to analyze their roles in eliminating the adverse effects of As. Glycine max L. (variety JS 335) seeds were subjected to As (75 μM, Sodium arsenite was used as source of As), and in combination with DPI (10 μM), EBL (0.5 μM) or Pro (10 mM), for five consecutive days, and effects of these treatment combinations were analyzed on germination percentage, biomass, membrane stability, GTS and expressions of defensive genes. In addition, the levels of As, ROS, malondialdehyde, DNA content, oxidation, fragmentation, polymorphism, DNase activity, endogenous Pro and pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase activity were evaluated. The results indicated that the treatments of DPI, EBL or Pro are capable to alleviate detrimental effects of As, gauged from above variables, but with different magnitudes. Apropos As-stress mitigation, Pro was found to be the most effective under the confines of the study protocol. This study certainly provides new ideas for intensifying studies to unravel elusive central mechanism of amelioration involving use of DPI, EBL or Pro in plants with confirmed As-toxicity.
有毒类金属“砷（As）”在环境中普遍存在，尤其是在土壤和水中。土壤中过量的砷会通过以下方式阻碍植物的生长和代谢：（a）减缓细胞分裂/伸长；（b）活性氧（ROS）过量产生；（c）调节抗氧化酶；（d）改变DNA图谱/基因组模板稳定性（GTS）。在本研究中，使用二苯基碘鎓（DPI）、24-表油菜素内酯（EBL）和脯氨酸（Pro）来分析它们在消除砷的不利影响方面的作用。将大豆（品种JS 335）种子分别用砷（75 μM，以亚砷酸钠作为砷源）处理，并分别与DPI（10 μM）、EBL（0.5 μM）或Pro（10 mM）组合处理，连续处理五天，分析这些处理组合对发芽率、生物量、膜稳定性、GTS以及防御基因表达的影响。此外，还评估了砷、ROS、丙二醛、DNA含量、氧化、片段化、多态性、DNase活性、内源性Pro和吡咯啉-5-羧酸合成酶活性的水平。结果表明，从上述变量衡量，DPI、EBL或Pro处理均能够减轻砷的有害影响，但程度不同。关于缓解砷胁迫，在本研究方案的范围内，发现Pro是最有效的。本研究无疑为深入研究揭示涉及在已证实存在砷毒性的植物中使用DPI、EBL或Pro的难以捉摸的核心改善机制提供了新思路。
