Cheng K-J, Bao Y-Y, Zhou S-H
Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2016 Dec;20(24):5067-5076.
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is considered an important transcription factor due to its roles in glycolysis, angiogenesis, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and other cellular pathways. It takes the role in various physiological and pathological states, such as solid tumors, vascular injury, and atherosclerotic lesion progression. In recent studies, HIF is found as a master regulator of body inflammation and immunity, not only in hypoxia but also in normoxia. Nasal inflammation has a close relationship with anoxia. But the role of HIF in nasal inflammation is still unclear.
We searched the Pubmed using the key words: "Hypoxia-inducible factor" and "nasal" or "Hypoxia-inducible factor", and reviewed the related articles.
HIF is composed of HIF-α and HIF-β subunits. HIF-a is an adjusting relational subunit, which is divided into three subtypes: HIF-1a, HIF-2a, and HIF-3a. HIF-1a is the key component and best understood. HIF-1a can be activated under hypoxic conditions or by various cytokines and growth factors. HIF-1α accumulation is critical for sustaining human allergic effector cell survival and function. The level of HIF-1a is increased in the patients with allergic rhinitis and become a new therapeutic target. HIF-1a also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CRS and polyp formation. Some research found that the expression of HIF-1α was increased in CRS with polyps.
HIF-1a takes an important role in allergic rhinitis and chronic sinusitis. It will be a key therapeutic target of these diseases in the future.
缺氧诱导因子（HIF）因其在糖酵解、血管生成、细胞分化、凋亡及其他细胞途径中的作用，被视为一种重要的转录因子。它在多种生理和病理状态中发挥作用，如实体瘤、血管损伤和动脉粥样硬化病变进展。在最近的研究中，发现HIF不仅在缺氧状态下，而且在常氧状态下都是机体炎症和免疫的主要调节因子。鼻炎症与缺氧密切相关。但HIF在鼻炎症中的作用仍不清楚。
我们在PubMed上使用关键词“缺氧诱导因子”和“鼻”或“缺氧诱导因子”进行搜索，并查阅相关文章。
HIF由HIF-α和HIF-β亚基组成。HIF-α是调节相关亚基，分为三个亚型：HIF-1α、HIF-2α和HIF-3α。HIF-1α是关键成分且了解最多。HIF-1α可在缺氧条件下或被多种细胞因子和生长因子激活。HIF-1α的积累对于维持人类过敏性效应细胞的存活和功能至关重要。变应性鼻炎患者中HIF-1α水平升高，并成为一个新的治疗靶点。HIF-1α在慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）发病机制及息肉形成中也起重要作用。一些研究发现，伴息肉的CRS中HIF-1α表达增加。
HIF-1α在变应性鼻炎和慢性鼻窦炎中起重要作用。它将是这些疾病未来的关键治疗靶点。
