美国青少年橄榄球联盟中的环境条件与季节变量

Environmental Conditions and Seasonal Variables in American Youth Football Leagues.

作者信息

Yeargin Susan W, Cahoon Erin, Hosokawa Yuri, Mensch James M, Dompier Thomas P, Kerr Zachary Y

机构信息

1 University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.

2 University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.

出版信息

Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2017 Nov;56(13):1209-1218. doi: 10.1177/0009922816684603. Epub 2017 Jan 5.

DOI:10.1177/0009922816684603

PMID:28056522

Abstract

Our study describes youth football (YFB) environmental conditions and the associated heat index (HI) risk category. An observational research design was utilized. Independent variables included month, time, event, and geographic location. Main outcome variables were frequency of events, average HI, and corresponding risk categorization. The HI was recorded with the day and time for each YFB event across 2 YFB seasons. Nearly half (49.8%) of events were in a high HI risk category and 20.0% should have been cancelled. The hottest HI values were recorded in July and August (83.2 ± 9.4°F to 87.2 ± 10.9°F; 24.0% of YFB events). The 7 to 10 am time frame was cooler (67.7 ± 14.5°F; 6.3% of YFB events) than other time frames ( P < .001). Hotter HI values were recorded in practices versus games (75.9 ± 14.1°F vs 70.6 ± 14.6°F; t = -6.426, P < .001). Starting the YFB season in September and holding weekend events in the early morning hours can decrease exposure to environmental heat stress.

摘要

我们的研究描述了青少年足球（YFB）的环境条件以及相关的热指数（HI）风险类别。采用了观察性研究设计。自变量包括月份、时间、赛事和地理位置。主要结果变量为赛事频率、平均热指数以及相应的风险分类。在两个青少年足球赛季中，记录了每个青少年足球赛事当天及时间的热指数。近一半（49.8%）的赛事处于高热指数风险类别，20.0%的赛事本应取消。最高热指数值出现在7月和8月（83.2±9.4°F至87.2±10.9°F；占青少年足球赛事的24.0%）。上午7点至10点时段比其他时段凉爽（67.7±14.5°F；占青少年足球赛事的6.3%）（P<.001）。训练时的热指数值高于比赛时（75.9±14.1°F对70.6±14.6°F；t=-6.426，P<.001）。9月开始青少年足球赛季并在清晨时段举办周末赛事可减少暴露于环境热应激的情况。