圣基茨和尼维斯慢性肾脏病及危险因素患病率：一项横断面研究。

Chronic kidney disease and risk factor prevalence in Saint Kitts and Nevis: a cross-sectional study.

作者信息

Crews Deidra C, Campbell Kirk N, Liu Yang, Bussue Odell, Dawkins Ingrid, Young Bessie A

机构信息

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 301 Mason F. Lord Drive, Suite 2500, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.

Welch Center for Prevention Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.

出版信息

BMC Nephrol. 2017 Jan 5;18(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s12882-016-0424-2.

DOI:10.1186/s12882-016-0424-2

PMID:28056873

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5221664/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in St. Kitts and Nevis, islands of the West Indies, is unknown. We sought to determine estimates of CKD and its risk factors (e.g. diabetes, hypertension and obesity) in St. Kitts and Nevis.

METHODS

This was a chronic disease screening program. Three community-based locations in St. Kitts and Nevis were included in the program. Participants were adult community residents aged ≥18 years. The main outcome measures were estimated CKD prevalence (by serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and dipstick urine albumin); and estimated prevalence of CKD risk factors (diabetes, hypertension and obesity). Logistic regression was used to determine independent predictors of CKD.

RESULTS

One thousand nine hundred seventy eight persons, from Nevis (n = 950) and St. Kitts (n = 1028) were screened by the Caribbean Health and Education Foundation. Participants' mean age was 49 ± 15 years, 65% were female, and 99% were black. Fully, 21.5% had diabetes and 53.1% had hypertension; and 40.3% were obese. Mean estimated eGFR was 98 ml/min/1.73 m (standard deviation = 30) and 4.7% had an eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m, indicating CKD. Age [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.08, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.05-1.11], hypertension (OR = 2.89, 95% CI 1.18-7.07) and diabetes (OR = 3.12, 95% CI 1.80-5.43) were independent predictors of reduced eGFR in models adjusted for age, gender and obesity status. Of those with urine testing in Nevis (n = 929), 13.5% had urine albumin ≥30 mg/dL, and diabetes was an independent predictor of this finding (OR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.53-3.87).

CONCLUSIONS

CKD and its risk factors were prevalent among adults in St. Kitts and Nevis. Public policy strategies for prevention and treatment of these conditions may be needed to reduce their associated morbidity, mortality and costs.

摘要

背景

西印度群岛的圣基茨和尼维斯慢性肾脏病（CKD）的患病率尚不清楚。我们试图确定圣基茨和尼维斯CKD及其危险因素（如糖尿病、高血压和肥胖）的估计情况。

方法

这是一项慢性病筛查项目。圣基茨和尼维斯的三个社区地点被纳入该项目。参与者为年龄≥18岁的成年社区居民。主要结局指标为估计的CKD患病率（通过基于血清肌酐的估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR）和尿试纸法检测尿白蛋白）；以及CKD危险因素（糖尿病、高血压和肥胖）的估计患病率。采用逻辑回归确定CKD的独立预测因素。

结果

加勒比健康与教育基金会对来自尼维斯岛（n = 950）和圣基茨岛（n = 1028）的1978人进行了筛查。参与者的平均年龄为49±15岁，65%为女性，99%为黑人。共有21.5%的人患有糖尿病，53.1%的人患有高血压；40.3%的人肥胖。平均估计eGFR为98 ml/min/1.73m²（标准差 = 30），4.7%的人eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73m²，表明患有CKD。在根据年龄、性别和肥胖状况进行调整的模型中，年龄[比值比（OR）= 1.08，95%置信区间（CI）1.05 - 1.11]、高血压（OR = 2.89，95% CI 1.18 - 7.07）和糖尿病（OR = 3.12，95% CI 1.80 - 5.43）是eGFR降低的独立预测因素。在尼维斯岛进行尿液检测的人群（n = 929）中，13.5%的人尿白蛋白≥30mg/dL，糖尿病是这一结果的独立预测因素（OR = 2.43，95% CI 1.53 - 3.87）。