Kurebayashi Yusuke, Otaki Junichi
Faculty of Nursing, Kansai University of Health Science, 2-11-1 Wakaba, Kumatori, Sennan, Osaka, Japan.
Graduate School of Health Science, Kyorin University, 476 Miyashia cho, Hachioji City, Tokyo, Japan.
BMC Psychiatry. 2017 Jan 5;17(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s12888-016-1176-z.
Neurocognitive dysfunction is a critical target symptom of schizophrenia treatment. A positive correlation between physical activity level and neurocognitive function has been reported in healthy individuals, but it is unclear whether such a correlation exists in patients with schizophrenia and whether the relationship is different according to inpatients or outpatients. This study aimed to examine the differences in the correlations between physical activity and multiple neurocognitive domains in inpatients and outpatients with schizophrenia and obtain suggestions for further study to facilitate this field.
Twenty-nine patients with schizophrenia were examined (16 inpatients and 13 outpatients, 56.0 ± 11.4 years of age). Current symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale and neurocognitive functions using Cognitrax, which yields a composite neurocognitive index (NCI) and 11 domain scores. After testing, participants wore an HJA-750C accelerometer for one week to measure physical activity levels and durations. Partial correlation analyses were performed between exercise and cognitive parameters.
In the outpatient group, higher physical activity was associated with faster Motor and Psychomotor Speeds in outpatients. However, higher physical activity was associated with lower overall NCI, Attention score, and Memory scores in inpatients.
Although higher physical activity was associated with better neurocognitive functions of outpatients, in inpatients with non-remitted schizophrenia, higher physical activity was associated with worsening of several cognitive domains. In a future study examining the relationship between physical activity and neurocognitive function for facilitating this research field, separation between inpatients and outpatients are needed because the relationship is different between inpatients and outpatients.
神经认知功能障碍是精神分裂症治疗的关键目标症状。健康个体中已报道身体活动水平与神经认知功能之间存在正相关，但尚不清楚精神分裂症患者中是否存在这种相关性，以及这种关系在住院患者和门诊患者中是否不同。本研究旨在探讨精神分裂症住院患者和门诊患者身体活动与多个神经认知领域之间相关性的差异，并为促进该领域的进一步研究提供建议。
对29例精神分裂症患者进行检查（16例住院患者和13例门诊患者，年龄56.0±11.4岁）。使用阳性和阴性症状量表评估当前症状，使用Cognitrax评估神经认知功能，该量表可得出综合神经认知指数（NCI）和11个领域得分。测试后，参与者佩戴HJA - 750C加速度计一周，以测量身体活动水平和时长。对运动与认知参数进行偏相关分析。
在门诊患者组中，较高的身体活动与门诊患者更快的运动和精神运动速度相关。然而，较高的身体活动与住院患者较低的总体NCI、注意力得分和记忆得分相关。
虽然较高的身体活动与门诊患者较好的神经认知功能相关，但在未缓解的精神分裂症住院患者中，较高的身体活动与几个认知领域的恶化相关。在未来研究身体活动与神经认知功能之间的关系以促进该研究领域时，需要区分住院患者和门诊患者，因为两者之间的关系不同。
