Chakravarti L, Moscato E H, Kayser M S
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Curr Top Dev Biol. 2017;121:253-285. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.07.010. Epub 2016 Aug 12.
Sleep disorders in humans are increasingly appreciated to be not only widespread but also detrimental to multiple facets of physical and mental health. Recent work has begun to shed light on the mechanistic basis of sleep disorders like insomnia, restless legs syndrome, narcolepsy, and a host of others, but a more detailed genetic and molecular understanding of how sleep goes awry is lacking. Over the past 15 years, studies in Drosophila have yielded new insights into basic questions regarding sleep function and regulation. More recently, powerful genetic approaches in the fly have been applied toward studying primary human sleep disorders and other disease states associated with dysregulated sleep. In this review, we discuss the contribution of Drosophila to the landscape of sleep biology, examining not only fundamental advances in sleep neurobiology but also how flies have begun to inform pathological sleep states in humans.
人们越来越认识到，人类睡眠障碍不仅普遍存在，而且对身心健康的多个方面都有害。最近的研究开始揭示失眠、不宁腿综合征、发作性睡病等多种睡眠障碍的机制基础，但对于睡眠出现问题的更详细的遗传和分子理解仍很缺乏。在过去15年里，对果蝇的研究为有关睡眠功能和调节的基本问题带来了新的见解。最近，果蝇中强大的遗传方法已被用于研究原发性人类睡眠障碍以及与睡眠失调相关的其他疾病状态。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了果蝇对睡眠生物学领域的贡献，不仅审视了睡眠神经生物学的基本进展，还探讨了果蝇如何开始为人类病理性睡眠状态提供信息。
