Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 29;22(13):7022. doi: 10.3390/ijms22137022.
Studies using animal models have shed light into the molecular and cellular basis for the neuropathology observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In particular, the role of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) plays a crucial role in the formation of senile plaques and aging-dependent degeneration. Here, we focus our review on recent findings using the AD model to expand our understanding of APP molecular function and interactions, including insights gained from the fly homolog APP-like (APPL). Finally, as there is still no cure for AD, we review some approaches that have shown promising results in ameliorating AD-associated phenotypes, with special attention on the use of nutraceuticals and their molecular effects, as well as interactions with the gut microbiome. Overall, the phenomena described here are of fundamental significance for understanding network development and degeneration. Given the highly conserved nature of fundamental signaling pathways, the insight gained from animal models such as will likely advance the understanding of the mammalian brain, and thus be relevant to human health.
使用动物模型的研究揭示了阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者神经病理学的分子和细胞基础。特别是，淀粉样前体蛋白（APP）的作用在老年斑的形成和与衰老相关的退化中起着关键作用。在这里，我们重点关注使用 AD 模型的最新发现，以扩展我们对 APP 分子功能和相互作用的理解，包括从果蝇同源物 APP-like（APPL）中获得的见解。最后，由于目前尚无治愈 AD 的方法，我们回顾了一些在改善 AD 相关表型方面显示出有希望结果的方法，特别关注了营养保健品及其分子作用的应用，以及与肠道微生物组的相互作用。总的来说，这里描述的现象对于理解网络发育和退化具有重要的基础意义。鉴于基本信号通路的高度保守性，从 等动物模型中获得的见解可能会促进对哺乳动物大脑的理解，因此与人类健康有关。
