Remmers Teun, Thijs Carel, Timperio Anna, Salmon J O, Veitch Jenny, Kremers Stef P J, Ridgers Nicola D
1Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University (Medical Center+), Maastricht, THE NETHERLANDS; 2School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, AUSTRALIA; and 3Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University (Medical Center+), Maastricht, THE NETHERLANDS.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2017 May;49(5):922-929. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001181.
Understanding how the weather affects physical activity (PA) may help in the design, analysis, and interpretation of future studies, especially when investigating PA across diverse meteorological settings and with long follow-up periods. The present longitudinal study first aims to examine the influence of daily weather elements on intraindividual PA patterns among primary school children across four seasons, reflecting day-to-day variation within each season. Second, we investigate whether the influence of weather elements differs by day of the week (weekdays vs weekends), gender, age, and body mass index.
PA data were collected by ActiGraph accelerometers for 1 wk in each of four school terms that reflect each season in southeast Australia. PA data from 307 children (age range 8.7-12.8 yr) were matched to daily meteorological variables obtained from the Australian Government's Bureau of Meteorology (maximum temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, day length, and rainfall). Daily PA patterns and their association with weather elements were analyzed using multilevel linear mixed models.
Temperature was the strongest predictor of moderate and vigorous PA, followed by solar radiation and humidity. The relation with temperature was curvilinear, showing optimum PA levels at temperatures between 20°C and 22°C. Associations between weather elements on PA did not differ by gender, child's age, or body mass index.
This novel study focused on the influence of weather elements on intraindividual PA patterns in children. As weather influences cannot be controlled, knowledge of its effect on individual PA patterns may help in the design of future studies, interpretation of their results, and translation into PA promotion.
了解天气如何影响身体活动（PA）可能有助于未来研究的设计、分析和解释，特别是在调查不同气象条件下且随访期较长的PA情况时。本纵向研究的首要目的是检验每日天气因素对小学生四个季节内个体PA模式的影响，以反映每个季节内的日常变化。其次，我们研究天气因素的影响是否因一周中的日期（工作日与周末）、性别、年龄和体重指数而有所不同。
通过ActiGraph加速度计在澳大利亚东南部四个反映每个季节的学期中，每周收集1周的PA数据。将307名儿童（年龄范围8.7 - 12.8岁）的PA数据与从澳大利亚政府气象局获取的每日气象变量（最高温度、相对湿度、太阳辐射、日照时长和降雨量）进行匹配。使用多级线性混合模型分析每日PA模式及其与天气因素的关联。
温度是中度和剧烈PA的最强预测因素，其次是太阳辐射和湿度。与温度的关系呈曲线，在20°C至22°C之间的温度下显示出最佳PA水平。天气因素与PA之间的关联在性别、儿童年龄或体重指数方面没有差异。
这项新颖的研究聚焦于天气因素对儿童个体PA模式的影响。由于天气影响无法控制，了解其对个体PA模式的作用可能有助于未来研究的设计、结果解释以及转化为PA促进措施。
