Salt D E, Blaylock M, Kumar N P, Dushenkov V, Ensley B D, Chet I, Raskin I
AgBiotech Center, Rutgers University, Cook College, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
Biotechnology (N Y). 1995 May;13(5):468-74. doi: 10.1038/nbt0595-468.
Toxic metal pollution of waters and soils is a major environmental problem, and most conventional remediation approaches do not provide acceptable solutions. The use of specially selected and engineered metal-accumulating plants for environmental clean-up is an emerging technology called phytoremediation. Three subsets of this technology are applicable to toxic metal remediation: (1) Phytoextraction--the use of metal-accumulating plants to remove toxic metals from soil; (2) Rhizofiltration--the use of plant roots to remove toxic metals from polluted waters; and (3) Phytostabilization--the use of plants to eliminate the bioavailability of toxic metals in soils. Biological mechanisms of toxic metal uptake, translocation and resistance as well as strategies for improving phytoremediation are also discussed.
水体和土壤的有毒金属污染是一个重大的环境问题，而大多数传统的修复方法都无法提供可接受的解决方案。利用经过特别挑选和培育的金属积累植物进行环境清理是一种新兴技术，称为植物修复。该技术的三个子集适用于有毒金属修复：（1）植物提取——利用金属积累植物从土壤中去除有毒金属；（2）根际过滤——利用植物根系从污染水体中去除有毒金属；（3）植物稳定——利用植物消除土壤中有毒金属的生物有效性。还讨论了有毒金属吸收、转运和抗性的生物学机制以及改善植物修复的策略。
