Mahmoud Mona F, El Ashry Fatma El Zahraa Z, El Maraghy Nabila N, Fahmy Ahmed
a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Zagazig University , Zagazig , Egypt.
b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Future University , Future , Egypt.
Pharm Biol. 2017 Dec;55(1):758-765. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1275026.
Momordica charantia Linn (Cucurbitaceae) (MC) is used in folk medicine to treat various diseases including diabetes mellitus.
This study investigates the antidiabetic activities of Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats.
Male Wister rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups. Group I, Normal control; Group II, STZ diabetic; Group III and IV, Momordica charantia fruit juice was orally administered to diabetic rats (10 mL/kg/day either as prophylaxis for 14 days before induction of diabetes then 21 days treatment, or as treatment given for 21 days after induction of diabetes). The effects of MC juice were studied both in vivo and in vitro by studying the glucose uptake of isolated rat diaphragm muscles in the presence and absence of insulin. Histopathological examination of pancreas was also performed.
This study showed that MC caused a significant reduction of serum glucose (135.99 ± 6.27 and 149.79 ± 1.90 vs. 253.40* ± 8.18) for prophylaxis and treatment respectively, fructosamine (0.99 ± 0.01 and 1.01 ± 0.04 vs. 3.04 ± 0.07), total cholesterol, triglycerides levels, insulin resistance index (1.13 ± 0.08 and 1.19 ± 0.05 vs. 1.48 ± 1.47) and pancreatic malondialdehyde content (p < 0.05). While it induced a significant increase of serum insulin (3.41 ± 0.08 and 3.28 ± 0.08 vs. 2.39 ± 0.27), HDL-cholesterol, total antioxidant capacity levels, β cell function percent, and pancreatic reduced glutathione (GSH) content (p < 0.05) and improved histopathological changes of the pancreas. It also increased glucose uptake by diaphragms of normal (12.17 ± 0.60 vs. 9.07 ± 0.66) and diabetic rats (8.37 ± 0.28 vs. 4.29 ± 0.51) in the absence and presence of insulin (p < 0.05).
Momordica charantia presents excellent antidiabetic and antioxidant activities and thus has great potential as a new source for diabetes treatment whether it is used for prophylaxis or treatment.
罗汉果（葫芦科）在民间医学中用于治疗包括糖尿病在内的各种疾病。
本研究调查罗汉果对链脲佐菌素诱导的大鼠2型糖尿病的抗糖尿病活性。
雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组。第一组，正常对照组；第二组，链脲佐菌素糖尿病组；第三组和第四组，给糖尿病大鼠口服罗汉果果汁（10 mL/kg/天，要么在诱导糖尿病前作为预防给药14天，然后治疗21天，要么在诱导糖尿病后作为治疗给药21天）。通过研究在有和没有胰岛素存在的情况下分离的大鼠膈肌的葡萄糖摄取，在体内和体外研究罗汉果果汁的作用。还对胰腺进行了组织病理学检查。
本研究表明，罗汉果分别在预防和治疗时导致血清葡萄糖显著降低（分别为135.99±6.27和149.79±1.90 vs. 253.40*±8.18）、果糖胺（0.99±0.01和1.01±0.04 vs. 3.04±0.07）、总胆固醇、甘油三酯水平、胰岛素抵抗指数（1.13±0.08和1.19±0.05 vs. 1.48±1.47）和胰腺丙二醛含量（p<0.05）。同时，它导致血清胰岛素（3.41±0.08和3.28±0.08 vs. 2.39±0.27）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总抗氧化能力水平、β细胞功能百分比和胰腺还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量显著增加（p<0.05），并改善了胰腺的组织病理学变化。它还增加了正常大鼠（12.17±0.60 vs. 9.07±0.66）和糖尿病大鼠（8.37±0.28 vs. 4.29±0.51）在有和没有胰岛素存在情况下膈肌的葡萄糖摄取（p<0.05）。
罗汉果具有优异的抗糖尿病和抗氧化活性，因此无论用于预防还是治疗，作为糖尿病治疗的新来源都具有巨大潜力。
