School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
Sleep Med Rev. 2017 Aug;34:82-93. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2016.07.003. Epub 2016 Jul 18.
In August 2010, concerns were raised about an increase in the incidence rate of narcolepsy diagnosis in children and adolescents. Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological sleep disorder characterised by excessive daytime sleepiness and attacks of muscle weakness which are often precipitated by strong emotions, known as cataplexy. We systematically examined and updated the scientific literature on the consequences of narcolepsy on cognitive function and psychosocial well-being in school-age children. Eight studies published between 2005 and 2015 were eligible for inclusion in this review. Collectively the results provide evidence to suggest that children who develop narcolepsy are at significant risk of cognitive impairment in at least one domain and emotional problems including depression, anxiety and low self-esteem. Children with narcolepsy should be monitored carefully in order to manage and reduce the impact of any impairments present. The existing literature is limited by small sample sizes, lack of appropriate controls and lack of longitudinal data. Future research should aim to address the limitations of the current work and aim to determine the underlying cause of cognitive and psychological impairments. This will enable the design of effective interventions to support children with narcolepsy so that they are able to achieve their full potential.
2010 年 8 月，人们对儿童和青少年嗜睡症诊断发病率的增加表示担忧。嗜睡症是一种慢性神经睡眠障碍，其特征是白天过度嗜睡和肌肉无力发作，通常由强烈的情绪引发，称为猝倒。我们系统地检查并更新了关于嗜睡症对学龄儿童认知功能和社会心理健康影响的科学文献。本综述纳入了 2005 年至 2015 年期间发表的 8 项研究。研究结果表明，患有嗜睡症的儿童在至少一个领域存在认知障碍的风险显著增加，还存在情绪问题，包括抑郁、焦虑和低自尊。患有嗜睡症的儿童应密切监测，以便管理和减少任何存在的损害的影响。现有文献存在样本量小、缺乏适当对照和缺乏纵向数据的局限性。未来的研究应旨在解决当前工作的局限性，并确定认知和心理障碍的根本原因。这将有助于设计有效的干预措施来支持患有嗜睡症的儿童，使他们能够充分发挥潜力。
