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具有PMN-32%PT压电晶体的空气耦合低频超声换能器及阵列

Air-Coupled Low Frequency Ultrasonic Transducers and Arrays with PMN-32%PT Piezoelectric Crystals.

作者信息

Kazys Rymantas J, Sliteris Reimondas, Sestoke Justina

机构信息

Ultrasound Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas LT-51423, Lithuania.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2017 Jan 6;17(1):95. doi: 10.3390/s17010095.

DOI:10.3390/s17010095
PMID:28067807
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5298668/
Abstract

Air-coupled ultrasonic techniques are being increasingly used for material characterization, non-destructive evaluation of composite materials using guided waves as well as for distance measurements. Application of those techniques is mainly limited by the big losses of ultrasonic signals due to attenuation and mismatch of the acoustic impedances of ultrasonic transducers and air. One of the ways to solve this problem is by application of novel more efficient piezoelectric materials like lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) type crystals. The objective of this research was the development and investigation of low frequency (<50 kHz) wide band air-coupled ultrasonic transducers and arrays with an improved performance using PMN-32%PT crystals. Results of finite element modelling and experimental investigations of the developed transducers and arrays are presented. For improvement of the performance strip-like matching elements made of low acoustic impedance, materials such as polystyrene foams were applied. It allowed to achieve transduction losses for one single element transducer -11.4 dB, what is better than of commercially available air-coupled ultrasonic transducers. Theoretical and experimental investigations of the acoustic fields radiated by the eight element ultrasonic array demonstrated not only a good performance of the array in a pulse mode, but also very good possibilities to electronically focus and steer the ultrasonic beam in space.

摘要

空气耦合超声技术正越来越多地用于材料表征、使用导波对复合材料进行无损评估以及距离测量。这些技术的应用主要受到超声信号因衰减以及超声换能器与空气声阻抗失配而产生的大量损耗的限制。解决该问题的方法之一是应用新型更高效的压电材料，如铌镁酸铅 - 钛酸铅（PMN - PT）型晶体。本研究的目的是开发并研究使用PMN - 32%PT晶体的低频（<50 kHz）宽带空气耦合超声换能器及阵列，以提高其性能。文中给出了所开发换能器及阵列的有限元建模和实验研究结果。为了提高性能，采用了由低声阻抗材料（如聚苯乙烯泡沫）制成的带状匹配元件。这使得单个元件换能器的转换损耗达到 -11.4 dB，优于市售的空气耦合超声换能器。对八元件超声阵列辐射声场的理论和实验研究表明，该阵列不仅在脉冲模式下性能良好，而且在空间中对超声束进行电子聚焦和控制的可能性也非常大。

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