Davis Erin C, Wang Mei, Donovan Sharon M
a Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , University of Illinois , Urbana , IL USA.
b Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , University of Illinois , Urbana , IL USA.
Gut Microbes. 2017 Mar 4;8(2):143-171. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2016.1278104. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
The development of the human infant intestinal microbiota is a sequential process that begins in utero and continues during the first 2 to 3 years of life. Microbial composition and diversity are shaped by host genetics and multiple environmental factors, of which diet is a principal contributor. An understanding of this process is of clinical importance as the microbiota acquired in early life influence gastrointestinal, immune and neural development, and reduced microbial diversity or dysbiosis during infancy is associated with disorders in infancy and later childhood. The goal of this article was to review the published literature that used culture-independent methods to describe the development of the gastrointestinal microbiota in breast- and formula-fed human infants as well as the impact of prebiotic and probiotic addition to infant formula, and the addition of solid foods.
人类婴儿肠道微生物群的发育是一个连续的过程，始于子宫内，并在生命的头2至3年持续进行。微生物组成和多样性受宿主基因和多种环境因素影响，其中饮食是主要因素。了解这一过程具有临床重要性，因为生命早期获得的微生物群会影响胃肠道、免疫和神经发育，婴儿期微生物多样性降低或生态失调与婴儿期及儿童后期的疾病有关。本文的目的是综述已发表的文献，这些文献使用非培养方法描述母乳喂养和配方奶喂养的人类婴儿胃肠道微生物群的发育，以及在婴儿配方奶中添加益生元和益生菌以及添加固体食物的影响。
