Pragst Fritz, Stieglitz Klaus, Runge Hella, Runow Klaus-Dietrich, Quig David, Osborne Robert, Runge Christian, Ariki John
Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Charité, Turmstraße 21, Building N, 10559 Berlin, Germany.
Sign of Hope e.V., Schneckenburgstraße 11d, 78467 Konstanz, Germany.
Forensic Sci Int. 2017 May;274:99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.12.022. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
In the oil fields of Thar Jath, South Sudan, increasing salinity of drinking water was observed together with human incompatibilities and rise in livestock mortalities. Hair analysis was used to characterize the toxic exposure of the population. Hair samples of volunteers from four communities with different distance from the center of the oil field (Koch 23km, n=24; Leer 50km, n=26; Nyal 110km, n=21; and Rumbek 220km, n=25) were analyzed for altogether 39 elements by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Very high concentrations and a toxic health endangerment were assessed for lead and barium. The concentration of lead increased steadily with decreasing distance from the oil field from Rumbek (mean 2.8μg/g) to Koch (mean 18.7μg/g) and was there in the same range as in highly contaminated mining regions in Kosovo, China or Bolivia. The weighting materials in drilling muds barite (BaSO) and galena (PbS) were considered to be the sources of drinking water pollution and high hair values. The high concentrations of lead and barium in hair demonstrate clearly the health risk caused by harmful deposition of toxic industrial waste but cannot be used for diagnosis of a chronic intoxication of the individuals.
在南苏丹塔尔贾特的油田，人们观察到饮用水盐度增加，同时出现人体不适和牲畜死亡率上升的情况。毛发分析被用于表征当地居民的有毒物质暴露情况。对来自距油田中心不同距离的四个社区的志愿者毛发样本进行了分析（科赫23公里，n = 24；利尔50公里，n = 26；尼亚尔110公里，n = 21；伦拜克220公里，n = 25），通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法总共分析了39种元素。评估发现铅和钡的浓度非常高，对健康构成有毒危害。从伦拜克（平均2.8μg/g）到科赫（平均18.7μg/g），铅的浓度随着距油田距离的减小而稳步增加，其浓度范围与科索沃、中国或玻利维亚的高污染矿区相同。钻井泥浆中的加重材料重晶石（BaSO）和方铅矿（PbS）被认为是饮用水污染和毛发中高含量的来源。毛发中铅和钡的高浓度清楚地表明了有毒工业废物有害沉积所带来的健康风险，但不能用于诊断个体的慢性中毒。
