矛盾的刻板印象与38个国家的和平、冲突及不平等相关联。
Ambivalent stereotypes link to peace, conflict, and inequality across 38 nations.
作者信息
Durante Federica, Fiske Susan T, Gelfand Michele J, Crippa Franca, Suttora Chiara, Stillwell Amelia, Asbrock Frank, Aycan Zeynep, Bye Hege H, Carlsson Rickard, Björklund Fredrik, Dagher Munqith, Geller Armando, Larsen Christian Albrekt, Latif Abdel-Hamid Abdel, Mähönen Tuuli Anna, Jasinskaja-Lahti Inga, Teymoori Ali
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy;
Department of Psychology and Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544;
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Jan 24;114(4):669-674. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1611874114. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
A cross-national study, 49 samples in 38 nations (n = 4,344), investigates whether national peace and conflict reflect ambivalent warmth and competence stereotypes: High-conflict societies (Pakistan) may need clearcut, unambivalent group images distinguishing friends from foes. Highly peaceful countries (Denmark) also may need less ambivalence because most groups occupy the shared national identity, with only a few outcasts. Finally, nations with intermediate conflict (United States) may need ambivalence to justify more complex intergroup-system stability. Using the Global Peace Index to measure conflict, a curvilinear (quadratic) relationship between ambivalence and conflict highlights how both extremely peaceful and extremely conflictual countries display lower stereotype ambivalence, whereas countries intermediate on peace-conflict present higher ambivalence. These data also replicated a linear inequality-ambivalence relationship.
一项跨国研究，涉及38个国家的49个样本（n = 4344），调查国家和平与冲突是否反映了矛盾的温暖和能力刻板印象：高冲突社会（巴基斯坦）可能需要明确、不含糊的群体形象来区分朋友和敌人。高度和平的国家（丹麦）可能也需要较少的矛盾心理，因为大多数群体拥有共同的国家身份，只有少数被排斥者。最后，冲突程度中等的国家（美国）可能需要矛盾心理来为更复杂的群体间系统稳定性提供正当理由。使用全球和平指数来衡量冲突，矛盾心理与冲突之间的曲线（二次）关系突出表明，极度和平和极度冲突的国家都表现出较低的刻板印象矛盾心理，而在和平-冲突程度上处于中间的国家则表现出较高的矛盾心理。这些数据还重现了线性的不平等-矛盾心理关系。
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