Cai Huixia, Guan Yayi, Ma Xiao, Wang Liying, Wang Hu, Su Guoming, Zhang Xuefei, Han Xiumin, Ma Junying, Liu Yu Fang, Li Jun, Zhang Jingxiao, Wang Yongshun, Wang Wei, Du Rui, Lei Wen, Wu Weiping
Department of Parasite Control, Qinghai Province Institute for Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control, Xining, China.
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Center of Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, China.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Mar;96(3):674-679. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0479. Epub 2017 Apr 6.
Echinococcosis is a serious zoonotic parasitic disease that is highly endemic in Qinghai Province. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of echinococcosis among schoolchildren in Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture to improve early diagnosis and treatment of patients and to provide information for echinococcosis prevention and control. A total of 11,260 schoolchildren from five counties (Maqin, Gander, Dari, Jiuzhi, and Banma) in Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, were screened for echinococcosis. Screening involved ultrasound imaging combined with serologic examination as an auxiliary diagnostic test. The prevalence of echinococcosis in the schoolchildren was 2.1% (235/11,260), with a rate of 0.8% for cystic echinococcosis (CE; 89/11,260) and 1.3% for alveolar echinococcosis (AE; 146/11,260). Additionally, one child had a mixed infection. The prevalence ranged between 1.1% and 4.1% among the five investigated counties, and was highest in Dari County (4.1%). The prevalence of echinococcosis was higher in girls than in boys and gradually increased with age. In addition, children with CE mainly had type 1 (CE1) and type 3 (CE3) lesions, and children with AE mainly had small-diameter calcified lesions, suggesting that they were in the early asymptomatic stage of echinococcosis. In conclusion, children of Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture appear to exhibit the highest recorded prevalence of CE and AE globally. Ultrasound is useful for screening populations in regions where both CE and AE are endemic.
包虫病是一种严重的人畜共患寄生虫病，在青海省高度流行。本研究旨在调查果洛藏族自治州学童的包虫病患病率，以改善患者的早期诊断和治疗，并为包虫病的预防和控制提供信息。对青海省果洛藏族自治州五个县（玛沁、甘德、达日、久治和班玛）的11260名学童进行了包虫病筛查。筛查采用超声成像结合血清学检查作为辅助诊断测试。学童中包虫病的患病率为2.1%（235/11260），其中囊型包虫病（CE；89/11260）的患病率为0.8%，泡型包虫病（AE；146/11260）的患病率为1.3%。此外，一名儿童有混合感染。在五个被调查的县中，患病率在1.1%至4.1%之间，达日县最高（4.1%）。包虫病的患病率女孩高于男孩，且随年龄逐渐增加。此外，CE患儿主要有1型（CE1）和3型（CE3）病变，AE患儿主要有小直径钙化病变，表明他们处于包虫病早期无症状阶段。总之，果洛藏族自治州的儿童似乎呈现出全球有记录以来最高的CE和AE患病率。超声对CE和AE均为地方病的地区的人群筛查很有用。
