Kim Bong-Sung, Tilstam Pathricia V, Springenberg-Jung Katrin, Boecker Arne Hendrick, Schmitz Corinna, Heinrichs Daniel, Hwang Soo Seok, Stromps Jan Philipp, Ganse Bergita, Kopp Ruedger, Knobe Matthias, Bernhagen Juergen, Pallua Norbert, Bucala Richard
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, United States.
PeerJ. 2017 Jan 4;5:e2824. doi: 10.7717/peerj.2824. eCollection 2017.
Subcutaneous adipose tissue is a rich source of adipose tissue macrophages and adipose-derived stem cells which both play a key role in wound repair. While macrophages can be divided into the classically-activated M1 and the alternatively-activated M2 phenotype, ASCs are characterized by the expression of specific stem cell markers.
In the present study, we have investigated the expression of common macrophage polarization and stem cell markers in acutely inflamed adipose tissue. Subcutaneous adipose tissue adjacent to acutely inflamed wounds of 20 patients and 20 healthy subjects were harvested and underwent qPCR and flow cytometry analysis.
Expression levels of the M1-specific markers CD80, iNOS, and IL-1b were significantly elevated in inflammatory adipose tissue when compared to healthy adipose tissue, whereas the M2-specific markers CD163 and TGF- were decreased. By flow cytometry, a significant shift of adipose tissue macrophage populations towards the M1 phenotype was confirmed. Furthermore, a decrease in the mesenchymal stem cell markers CD29, CD34, and CD105 was observed whereas CD73 and CD90 remained unchanged.
This is the first report describing the predominance of M1 adipose tissue macrophages and the reduction of stem cell marker expression in acutely inflamed, non-healing wounds.
皮下脂肪组织是脂肪组织巨噬细胞和脂肪来源干细胞的丰富来源，二者在伤口修复中均发挥关键作用。巨噬细胞可分为经典激活的M1型和替代激活的M2型，脂肪来源干细胞的特征是表达特定的干细胞标志物。
在本研究中，我们调查了急性炎症性脂肪组织中常见巨噬细胞极化和干细胞标志物的表达情况。收集了20例患者急性炎症伤口附近的皮下脂肪组织以及20名健康受试者的皮下脂肪组织，并进行了定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）和流式细胞术分析。
与健康脂肪组织相比，炎症性脂肪组织中M1特异性标志物CD80、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）的表达水平显著升高，而M2特异性标志物CD163和转化生长因子（TGF-）降低。通过流式细胞术，证实脂肪组织巨噬细胞群体明显向M1表型转变。此外，观察到间充质干细胞标志物CD29、CD34和CD105减少，而CD73和CD90保持不变。
这是首篇描述在急性炎症性、不愈合伤口中M1脂肪组织巨噬细胞占优势以及干细胞标志物表达减少的报告。
