Masood Nosheen, Basharat Zarrin, Khan Tabeer, Yasmin Azra
Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Pathol Oncol Res. 2017 Oct;23(4):707-715. doi: 10.1007/s12253-016-0184-0. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
Involvement of micro RNAs (miRNA) is currently the focus for cancer studies as they effect the post transcriptional expression of different genes. Let-7 family is among the firstly discovered miRNAs that play important role in cell proliferation and dysregulation leading to cell based diseases including cancer. Another family, miRNA-200 prevents transformation of cell to malignant form and tumor formation by interacting with epidermal mesenchymal transition (EMT). Similarly miRNA-125 controls apoptosis and proliferation by affecting multiple genes involved in transcription, immunological defense, resistance against viral and bacterial infections that ultimately leads to cell proliferation, metastasis and finally cancer. All of these micro RNAs are known to be either upregulated or downregulated in various cancers. Current review is focused to elaborate the role of these three families of micro RNAs on different genes that ultimately cause cancer. In conclusion we can say that the miRNAs discussed here are mostly downregulated in various cancers with some exceptions when upregulation of miRNA-125 may be attributed to cancer formation.
微小RNA（miRNA）的参与目前是癌症研究的焦点，因为它们影响不同基因的转录后表达。Let-7家族是最早发现的miRNA之一，在细胞增殖和失调中起重要作用，导致包括癌症在内的基于细胞的疾病。另一个家族，miRNA-200通过与上皮-间质转化（EMT）相互作用来阻止细胞转化为恶性形式并形成肿瘤。同样，miRNA-125通过影响多个参与转录、免疫防御、抗病毒和细菌感染抗性的基因来控制细胞凋亡和增殖，最终导致细胞增殖、转移并最终引发癌症。已知所有这些微小RNA在各种癌症中要么上调要么下调。当前的综述着重阐述这三个微小RNA家族对最终导致癌症的不同基因的作用。总之，我们可以说这里讨论的miRNA在各种癌症中大多下调，但有一些例外情况，即miRNA-125的上调可能与癌症形成有关。
