The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute of Marine Sciences, Morehead City, NC 28557, USA.
The University of Texas, Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA.
Harmful Algae. 2016 Apr;54:213-222. doi: 10.1016/j.hal.2015.09.009.
Mitigating the global expansion of cyanobacterial harmful blooms (CyanoHABs) is a major challenge facing researchers and resource managers. A variety of traditional (e.g., nutrient load reduction) and experimental (e.g., artificial mixing and flushing, omnivorous fish removal) approaches have been used to reduce bloom occurrences. Managers now face the additional effects of climate change on watershed hydrologic and nutrient loading dynamics, lake and estuary temperature, mixing regime, internal nutrient dynamics, and other factors. Those changes favor CyanoHABs over other phytoplankton and could influence the efficacy of control measures. Virtually all mitigation strategies are influenced by climate changes, which may require setting new nutrient input reduction targets and establishing nutrient-bloom thresholds for impacted waters. Physical-forcing mitigation techniques, such as flushing and artificial mixing, will need adjustments to deal with the ramifications of climate change. Here, we examine the suite of current mitigation strategies and the potential options for adapting and optimizing them in a world facing increasing human population pressure and climate change.
减轻全球范围内蓝藻有害水华（CyanoHABs）的扩张是研究人员和资源管理者面临的主要挑战。已经采用了各种传统（例如，减少营养负荷）和实验（例如，人工混合和冲洗，杂食性鱼类清除）方法来减少水华的发生。管理者现在面临着气候变化对流域水文和营养负荷动态，湖泊和河口温度，混合状况，内部营养动态以及其他因素的额外影响。这些变化使得 CyanoHABs 比其他浮游植物更具优势，并且可能影响控制措施的效果。几乎所有的缓解策略都受到气候变化的影响，这可能需要设定新的营养输入减少目标，并为受影响的水域建立营养-水华阈值。冲洗和人工混合等物理强制缓解技术将需要进行调整，以应对气候变化的后果。在这里，我们研究了当前的缓解策略套件，以及在面临人口增长压力和气候变化不断增加的世界中，对其进行适应和优化的潜在选择。
