Pimentel Juliana da Silva Martins, Nunes Álvaro Cantini, Pereira Daniel Albuquerque, Giani Alessandra
Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, 31270-010, MG, Brazil.
Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-010, MG, Brazil.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 May 3;41(5):163. doi: 10.1007/s11274-025-04387-7.
Cyanobacteria hold a remarkable physiological capacity to adapt to stress, which may arise from rapid environmental changes. These changes induce the expression of specific genes crucial for acclimatization and cell protection under unfavorable conditions. This study was performed in two aquatic systems in the Tropics (Brazil): an oligo-mesotrophic and a hypereutrophic reservoir. We aimed to investigate the effect of environmental changes in the expression of genes associated with cellular responses to stress (ntcA, pstS, fur, and prxM) in cyanobacterial populations living in these systems. Additionally, by assessing the gene expression of some cyanopeptides (microcystin - mcyD, cyanopeptolin - cnp, and aeruginosin - aerA) we intended to verify their potential connection to cell acclimation processes. Samples were collected during the rainy and dry seasons. Biotic and abiotic parameters were measured and correlated with molecular data. Gene expression was quantified by qPCR. Temperature and nutrient concentration were identified as primary factors correlated with gene expression. However, nitrogen played a more significant role in the oligo-mesotrophic reservoir, while phosphorus in the hypereutrophic system. Furthermore, we found that the peptide cyanopeptolin exhibited a similar response and a positive correlation to genes related to environmental stress (prxM, ntcA, and pstS), suggesting its potential role in the cellular acclimation process. The molecular approach employed in this work proved highly sensitive in detecting organismal responses to stress caused by environmental changes. Integrating gene expression analyses into environmental studies can contribute to the understanding of cyanobacterial resilience and develop more effective strategies for bloom management and environmental recovery.
蓝细菌具有非凡的生理适应能力，能够应对可能因环境快速变化而产生的压力。这些变化会诱导特定基因的表达，这些基因对于在不利条件下的适应和细胞保护至关重要。本研究在热带地区（巴西）的两个水生系统中进行：一个贫中营养水库和一个富营养化水库。我们旨在研究环境变化对生活在这些系统中的蓝细菌种群中与细胞应激反应相关基因（ntcA、pstS、fur和prxM）表达的影响。此外，通过评估一些蓝藻肽（微囊藻毒素 - mcyD、蓝藻肽 - cnp和铜绿假单胞菌素 - aerA）的基因表达，我们试图验证它们与细胞适应过程的潜在联系。在雨季和旱季采集样本。测量生物和非生物参数，并将其与分子数据相关联。通过qPCR对基因表达进行定量。温度和营养浓度被确定为与基因表达相关的主要因素。然而，氮在贫中营养水库中起更重要的作用，而磷在富营养化系统中起更重要的作用。此外，我们发现蓝藻肽与与环境应激相关的基因（prxM、ntcA和pstS）表现出相似的反应和正相关，表明其在细胞适应过程中的潜在作用。本研究采用的分子方法在检测生物体对环境变化引起的应激反应方面被证明具有高度敏感性。将基因表达分析整合到环境研究中有助于理解蓝细菌的恢复力，并制定更有效的水华管理和环境恢复策略。
