Åvitsland Andreas, Solbraa Ane Kristiansen, Riiser Amund
Sogn og Fjordane University College, Faculty of Teacher Education and Sport, Box 133 - N 6851 Sogndal, Norway.
Arch Public Health. 2017 Jan 9;75:2. doi: 10.1186/s13690-016-0170-8. eCollection 2017.
Stair climbing is a vigorous activity and can lead to several health benefits. Studies seeking to increase stair climbing in various public locations have shown positive effects, while results from similar studies conducted in the workplace are inconclusive. This study examined stair climbing in the workplace, and monitored effects from a single- and a combined intervention. Interventions were inspired by nudging, the libertarian method of influencing behavior.
By quasi-experimental design, stair- and elevator traffic in two office buildings was monitored preceding-, during- and following interventions with stair leading footprints alone, and combined with stair-riser banners. Chi square tests were applied to determine differences between baseline and the subsequent periods. Web-based questionnaires were distributed after follow-up period.
Elevators and stairs were used 45 237 times, of which 89.6% was stair use. Intervention site stair climbing at baseline (79.0%) was significantly reduced with footprints (-5.1%, 0.001), and footprints with stair-riser banners (-5.7%, 0.001) while baseline stair climbing at the control site (94.2%) remained stable ( 0.027).
Stair climbing was significantly reduced during the intervention periods. Use of stair leading footprints alone, or combined with stair-riser banners in an attempt to influence stair climbing may be ineffective, or cause a negative reaction, when applied in a workplace with a pre-existing high amount of stair climbing.
爬楼梯是一项剧烈运动，对健康有益。旨在增加不同公共场所爬楼梯次数的研究已显示出积极效果，而在工作场所进行的类似研究结果尚无定论。本研究对工作场所的爬楼梯情况进行了调查，并监测了单一干预和联合干预的效果。干预措施受到助推（一种影响行为的自由意志主义方法）的启发。
采用准实验设计，在两座办公楼中，于干预前、干预期间和干预后监测楼梯和电梯的使用情况，干预措施包括单独使用楼梯引导脚印，以及与楼梯踏步横幅联合使用。应用卡方检验来确定基线期与后续时期之间的差异。随访期结束后发放基于网络的问卷。
电梯和楼梯共使用了45237次，其中89.6%为使用楼梯。干预场所基线期的爬楼梯率（79.0%）在使用脚印后显著降低（-5.1%，P = 0.001），在使用脚印和楼梯踏步横幅后降低更多（-5.7%，P = 0.001），而对照场所基线期的爬楼梯率（94.2%）保持稳定（P = 0.027）。
在干预期间，爬楼梯次数显著减少。在一个原本爬楼梯率就很高的工作场所，单独使用楼梯引导脚印或与楼梯踏步横幅联合使用以试图影响爬楼梯行为，可能无效，或会引起负面反应。
