Lizotte Richard, Locke Martin, Bingner Ronald, Steinriede R Wade, Smith Sammie
USDA-ARS, National Sedimentation Laboratory, Oxford, MS, 38655, USA.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2017 Apr;98(4):447-453. doi: 10.1007/s00128-016-2020-3. Epub 2017 Jan 11.
The study examined the influence of land-use (cropping patterns) and integrated agricultural best management practices (BMPs) on spring herbicide levels in an agricultural watershed. Atrazine and metolachlor were applied for weed control during spring of 1998-2002, 2005, and 2007-2013. Watershed-wide mass of applied herbicides ranged from 12.7 to 209.2 g atrazine and 10.9-302.2 g metolachlor with greatest application during 1998, 2009-2010 (atrazine) and 2007-2013 (metolachlor). Spring herbicide concentrations in Beasley Lake water ranged from below detection to 3.54 μg atrazine/L and 3.01 μg metolachlor/L. Multiple linear regression analyses with cropping patterns, BMPs, rainfall and time as independent variables, showed atrazine applications were associated with increases in cotton acreage and quail buffer, while metolachlor applications increased over time. Multiple linear regressions showed lake atrazine concentrations were associated with conservation tillage, rainfall, and corn, while lake metolachlor concentrations were associated with the cumulative metolachlor application and sediment retention pond installation.
该研究考察了土地利用（种植模式）和综合农业最佳管理实践（BMPs）对一个农业流域春季除草剂水平的影响。在1998 - 2002年、2005年以及2007 - 2013年的春季，使用莠去津和异丙甲草胺进行杂草防治。流域范围内施用除草剂的总量为12.7至209.2克莠去津以及10.9 - 302.2克异丙甲草胺，其中1998年、2009 - 2010年（莠去津）和2007 - 2013年（异丙甲草胺）的施用量最大。比斯利湖水中春季除草剂浓度范围为低于检测限至3.54微克莠去津/升和3.01微克异丙甲草胺/升。以种植模式、BMPs、降雨量和时间作为自变量进行的多元线性回归分析表明，莠去津的施用与棉花种植面积和鹌鹑缓冲区的增加有关，而异丙甲草胺的施用量随时间增加。多元线性回归显示，湖泊中莠去津浓度与保护性耕作、降雨量和玉米有关，而湖泊中异丙甲草胺浓度与异丙甲草胺的累计施用量和沉积物滞留池的安装有关。
