University of Connecticut, Littleton, Colorado, USA.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2017 Mar;30(2):113-122. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000317.
Borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) is a descriptive v-code that is often used, especially in forensic settings, as if it were a full-fledged disorder. Various historical and other aspects of this classification are reviewed, and commentary is made on the question of whether to upgrade BIF to a regular psychiatric category, or to eliminate it by folding it into an already recently expanded category of intellectual developmental disorder (IDD).
Full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) is an outmoded concept that is decreasingly being used. For example, DSM-5 states that measures of 'executive functioning' (reasoning, planning, consequential thinking, attention, self-regulation, and so on) are often more meaningful that full-scale IQ as diagnostic indicators of IDD. Even the definition of BIF in DSM-5 no longer specifies an IQ score range.
BIF is a descriptive v-code (rather than a typical psychiatric category), which started out as a sub-type of IDD (formerly mental retardation or intellectual disability) but morphed into its current status when the IQ ceiling for IDD was changed from minus one standard deviation (85) to minus two standard deviations (70). It has been suggested that, as people with BIF often have adjustment problems, the BIF category be elevated to the status of a formal psychiatric disorder. In this article, a contrary opinion is expressed, namely that the BIF category be dropped.
边缘智力功能（BIF）是一个描述性的 v 码，它经常被使用，特别是在法医环境中，就好像它是一种成熟的障碍一样。本文回顾了这种分类的各种历史和其他方面，并就 BIF 是否应该升级为常规精神障碍类别，或者通过将其归入最近扩大的智力发育障碍（IDD）类别来消除它的问题进行了评论。
全量表智商（IQ）是一个过时的概念，它的使用越来越少。例如，DSM-5 指出，“执行功能”（推理、计划、后果思维、注意力、自我调节等）的测量通常比全量表 IQ 更有意义，作为 IDD 的诊断指标。即使 DSM-5 中 BIF 的定义也不再指定智商分数范围。
BIF 是一个描述性的 v 码（而不是典型的精神障碍类别），它最初是 IDD（以前称为智力迟钝或智力残疾）的一个亚型，但当 IDD 的智商上限从负一个标准差（85）变为负两个标准差（70）时，它就变成了现在的状态。有人建议，由于具有 BIF 的人通常有适应问题，BIF 类别应提升为正式的精神障碍类别。在本文中，表达了相反的观点，即应取消 BIF 类别。
