Heinrich Patrick, Petschick Lara L, Northcott Grant L, Tremblay Louis A, Ataria James M, Braunbeck Thomas
Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Northcott Research Consultants Ltd, 20 River Oaks Place, Hamilton, 3200, New Zealand.
Ecotoxicology. 2017 Mar;26(2):211-226. doi: 10.1007/s10646-016-1756-1. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
Sediments represent a major sink for contaminants resulting from industrial and agricultural activities - especially lipophilic substances. This study exclusively used in vitro methodologies to characterize specific toxicity effects of contaminants in sediment extracts from two urban New Zealand estuaries. Sediment extracts were prepared and tested for a range of biological endpoints. The micronucleus and comet assays in V79 cells were used to assess genotoxicity. Induction of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase in piscine RTL-W1 cells was determined to estimate dioxin-like toxicity. Cytotoxic potentials were analyzed by neutral red uptake and MTT reduction. There was evidence of strong dioxin-like toxicity and moderate cytotoxicity. Genotoxicity was distinct in the micronucleus assay, but low in the comet assay. The results indicate the presence of chemicals in the sediments with the potential to pose a risk through multiple mechanisms of toxicity, the identities and amounts of which will be disclosed in a parallel study alongside with in vivo toxicity data.
沉积物是工业和农业活动产生的污染物（尤其是亲脂性物质）的主要汇。本研究专门采用体外方法来表征来自新西兰两个城市河口沉积物提取物中污染物的特定毒性效应。制备了沉积物提取物并针对一系列生物学终点进行了测试。使用V79细胞中的微核试验和彗星试验来评估遗传毒性。测定了鱼源RTL-W1细胞中7-乙氧基异吩恶唑酮-O-脱乙基酶的诱导情况，以估计二噁英样毒性。通过中性红摄取和MTT还原分析细胞毒性潜力。有证据表明存在强烈的二噁英样毒性和中度细胞毒性。微核试验中的遗传毒性明显，但彗星试验中的遗传毒性较低。结果表明沉积物中存在化学物质，有可能通过多种毒性机制构成风险，其种类和含量将在一项平行研究中与体内毒性数据一并披露。
