Mahon M, Doyle S
Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive South East, Lacken, Dublin Road, Kilkenny, R95 P231, Ireland.
Ir J Med Sci. 2017 Nov;186(4):989-994. doi: 10.1007/s11845-016-1552-1. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
In late Spring 2012, 12 cases of cryptosporidiosis in a town in the South East of Ireland were notified to the regional Department of Public Health.
The purpose of this paper is to describe the outbreak and the investigative process which led to the conclusion that the source was a public drinking water supply.
Outbreak and incident control teams were convened to investigate and control the outbreak.
Eleven cases were speciated as Cryptosporidium parvum. GP60 analysis demonstrated that 10 were C. parvum IIaA20G3R1, indicating that the cases were linked. The public water supply was the only common risk factor identified. Increased water sampling identified Cryptosporidium muris/andersoni in the treated water at one of two water treatment plants (Water Treatment Plant, WTP A) for the supply, and on the network. C. parvum was subsequently identified in raw water from WTP A.
The Health Service Executive (HSE) concluded that this outbreak was "probably associated with water" produced at WTP A based on (1) descriptive epidemiological evidence suggesting water-related illness and excluding other obvious explanations; and (2) water treatment failure at WTP A. WTP A was closed to facilitate an upgrade. No boil water notice was required as a supplementary supply was available. The upgrade was completed and the incident closed in 2013.
2012年春末，爱尔兰东南部一个城镇的12例隐孢子虫病病例被报告给地区公共卫生部。
本文旨在描述此次疫情以及调查过程，该过程得出水源为公共饮用水供应的结论。
召集疫情及事件控制小组对疫情进行调查和控制。
11例病例被鉴定为微小隐孢子虫。GP60分析表明，其中10例为微小隐孢子虫IIaA20G3R1，这表明这些病例存在关联。公共供水是唯一确定的共同风险因素。增加水样检测后，在该供水系统的两个水处理厂之一（水处理厂A）的处理水中以及供水网络中检测到了鼠隐孢子虫/安德逊隐孢子虫。随后在水处理厂A的原水中检测到了微小隐孢子虫。
基于以下两点，卫生服务执行局（HSE）得出此次疫情“可能与水处理厂A生产的水有关”的结论：（1）描述性流行病学证据表明与水相关的疾病，且排除了其他明显的解释；（2）水处理厂A的水处理失败。水处理厂A关闭以便进行升级改造。由于有补充供水，因此无需发布开水通知。升级改造完成，该事件于2013年结束。
