Grønlund D, Poulsen J L, Sandberg T H, Olesen A E, Madzak A, Krogh K, Frøkjaer J B, Drewes A M
Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2017 Jul;29(7). doi: 10.1111/nmo.13008. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in the general population and may originate from disturbances in gut motility. However, fundamental mechanistic understanding of motility remains inadequate, especially of the less accessible regions of the small bowel and colon. Hence, refinement and validation of objective methods to evaluate motility of the whole gut is important. Such techniques may be applied in clinical settings as diagnostic tools, in research to elucidate underlying mechanisms of diseases, and to evaluate how the gut responds to various drugs. A wide array of such methods exists; however, a limited number are used universally due to drawbacks like radiation exposure, lack of standardization, and difficulties interpreting data. In recent years, several new methods such as the 3D-Transit system and magnetic resonance imaging assessments on small bowel and colonic motility have emerged, with the advantages that they are less invasive, use no radiation, and provide much more detailed information.
This review outlines well-established and emerging methods to evaluate small bowel and colonic motility in clinical settings and in research. The latter include the 3D-Transit system, magnetic resonance imaging assessments, and high-resolution manometry. Procedures, indications, and the relative strengths and weaknesses of each method are summarized.
胃肠道症状在普通人群中很常见，可能源于肠道动力紊乱。然而，对肠道动力的基本机制理解仍然不足，尤其是对小肠和结肠较难触及的区域。因此，完善和验证评估全肠道动力的客观方法很重要。此类技术可在临床环境中用作诊断工具，在研究中用于阐明疾病的潜在机制，以及评估肠道对各种药物的反应。存在大量此类方法；然而，由于诸如辐射暴露、缺乏标准化以及数据解读困难等缺点，只有少数方法被普遍使用。近年来，出现了几种新方法，如3D传输系统以及对小肠和结肠动力的磁共振成像评估，其优点是侵入性较小、不使用辐射且能提供更详细的信息。
本综述概述了在临床环境和研究中评估小肠和结肠动力的成熟方法和新兴方法。后者包括3D传输系统、磁共振成像评估和高分辨率测压法。总结了每种方法的操作程序、适应症以及相对优缺点。
