Dunne Tom, Bishop Lisa, Avery Susan, Darcy Stephen
Discipline of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
Discipline of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada; School of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
J Adolesc Health. 2017 May;60(5):487-512. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.11.019. Epub 2017 Jan 10.
The majority of adult mental health and substance use (MH&SU) conditions emerge in adolescence. Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment programs targeting this age group have a unique opportunity to significantly impact the well-being of the future generation of adults. At the same time, youth are reluctant to seek treatment and have high rates of dropout from interventions. An emphasis on youth engagement in prevention and treatment interventions for MH&SU results in better health outcomes for those youth. This literature review was undertaken to evaluate opportunities to improve youth engagement in MH&SU programs. The intent was to determine best practices in the field that combined community-level improvement in clinical outcomes with proven strategies in engagement enhancement to inform program development at a local level. The results discuss 40 studies, reviews, and program reports demonstrating effective youth engagement. These have been grouped into six themes based on the underlying engagement mechanism: youth participation in program development, parental relationships, technology, the health clinic, school, and social marketing. A broad range of tools are discussed that intervention developers can leverage to improve youth engagement in prevention or treatment programs.
大多数成人心理健康和物质使用（MH&SU）状况在青少年时期出现。针对这一年龄段的预防、诊断和治疗项目有一个独特的机会，能对未来一代成年人的福祉产生重大影响。与此同时，青少年不愿寻求治疗，且干预措施的辍学率很高。强调青少年参与MH&SU的预防和治疗干预措施，会为这些青少年带来更好的健康结果。进行这项文献综述是为了评估改善青少年参与MH&SU项目的机会。目的是确定该领域的最佳实践，即将临床结果在社区层面的改善与已证实的增强参与度的策略相结合，为地方层面的项目开发提供信息。结果讨论了40项表明有效促进青少年参与的研究、综述和项目报告。这些已根据潜在的参与机制分为六个主题：青少年参与项目开发、亲子关系、技术、健康诊所、学校和社会营销。文中讨论了一系列广泛的工具，干预措施开发者可以利用这些工具来提高青少年对预防或治疗项目的参与度。
