Chuang Wen-Po, Rojas Lina Maria Aguirre, Khalaf Luaay Kahtan, Zhang Guorong, Fritz Allan K, Whitfield Anna E, Smith C Michael
Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan (
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 1603 Old Claflin Place, Manhattan 66506, KS (
J Econ Entomol. 2017 Apr 1;110(2):711-718. doi: 10.1093/jee/tow255.
The wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella Keifer, (WCM) is a global pest of bread wheat that reduces yields significantly. In addition, WCM carries Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV, family Potyviridae, genus Tritimovirus), the most significant wheat virus in North America; High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV, genus Emaravirus, formerly High plains virus); and Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV, family Potyviridae, genus Poacevirus). Viruses carried by WCM have reduced wheat yields throughout the U.S. Great Plains for >50 yr, with average yield losses of 2-3% and occasional yield losses of 7-10%. Acaricides are ineffective against WCM, and delayed planting of winter wheat is not feasible. Five wheat breeding lines containing Cmc4, a WCM resistance gene from Aegilops tauschii, and Wsm2, a WSMV resistance gene from wheat germplasm CO960293-2 were selected from the breeding process and assessed for phenotypic reaction to WCM feeding, population increase, and the degree of WSMV, HPWMoV, and TriMV infection. Experiments determined that all five lines are resistant to WCM biotype 1 feeding and population increase, and that two breeding lines contain resistance to WSMV, HPWMoV, and TriMV infection as well. These WCM-, WSMV-, HPWMoV-, and TriMV-resistant genotypes can be used improve management of wheat yield losses from WCM-virus complexes.
小麦卷叶螨（Aceria tosichella Keifer，简称WCM）是一种危害全球面包小麦的害虫，会显著降低产量。此外，WCM还传播小麦线条花叶病毒（WSMV，马铃薯Y病毒科小麦病毒属），这是北美最重要的小麦病毒；高平原小麦花叶病毒（HPWMoV，纤毛病毒属，原称高平原病毒）；以及小麦花叶病毒（TriMV，马铃薯Y病毒科雀麦病毒属）。在超过50年的时间里，WCM传播的病毒致使美国大平原地区的小麦产量下降，平均减产2%-3%，偶尔减产7%-10%。杀螨剂对WCM无效，推迟冬小麦播种也不可行。从育种过程中选取了五个含有来自节节麦的WCM抗性基因Cmc4和来自小麦种质CO960293-2的WSMV抗性基因Wsm2的小麦育种系，并对其对WCM取食、种群增长以及WSMV、HPWMoV和TriMV感染程度的表型反应进行了评估。实验确定，所有五个品系均对WCM生物型1的取食和种群增长具有抗性，并且有两个育种系还对WSMV、HPWMoV和TriMV感染具有抗性。这些对WCM、WSMV、HPWMoV和TriMV具有抗性的基因型可用于改善对由WCM-病毒复合体导致的小麦产量损失的管理。
