Belete Eshetu Molla, Roro Amanuel Bedane
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
Laboratory Unit, Chichu Health Centre, Chichu, Ethiopia.
J Res Health Sci. 2016 fall;16(4):185-189.
There were about of 124 to 283 million cases of malaria with 367,000 to 755,000 deaths annually. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of malaria cases and associated risk factors among attendants at Chichu and Wonago health centers, South Ethiopia.
In this health institution based cross sectional study, 324 subjects, attendants from outpatient department who came for any kind of medical services, were included during May to June 2016. A blood film examination format and structured questionnaire were used for data collection. Peripheral blood samples were collected and the presence of malaria cases was observed microscopically. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.0.
Malaria cases were detected in 91 (28.1%) of the participants with higher infection rate amongst (56.04%). The predominant Plasmodium species detected was P. vivax (52.75%) followed by P. falciparum (35.16%) and mixed malaria infection by both of the species (12.09%). Housing construction and not using of insecticide treated bed nets for the last 6 months were significantly associated with the risk of getting malaria. Individuals who had stagnant water in their compound were more likely to get malaria than those who did not (OR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.76). Houses that had been sprayed with insecticide in the past 6 months were protected against malaria infection (OR=0.33, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.92). Moreover, bed net utilization was associated with a significantly lower risk of infection (OR=0.19, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.37).
Type of housing construction, not using bed net, insecticide spraying and residing near stagnant water were associated risk factors with malaria positivity in the study area.
每年约有1.24亿至2.83亿疟疾病例，36.7万至75.5万人死亡。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚南部奇楚和沃纳戈健康中心就诊者中疟疾病例的患病率及相关危险因素。
在这项基于卫生机构的横断面研究中，纳入了2016年5月至6月期间来自门诊部前来寻求任何医疗服务的324名受试者。采用血片检查形式和结构化问卷收集数据。采集外周血样本，通过显微镜观察疟疾病例的存在情况。收集的数据使用SPSS 20.0版本进行分析。
91名（28.1%）参与者检测出疟疾病例，其中感染率较高（56.04%）。检测到的主要疟原虫种类为间日疟原虫（52.75%），其次是恶性疟原虫（35.16%），两种疟原虫混合感染（12.09%）。房屋建造类型以及过去6个月未使用经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐与感染疟疾的风险显著相关。院子里有积水的个体比没有积水的个体更易感染疟疾（比值比=1.87，95%置信区间：1.20，2.76）。过去6个月内喷洒过杀虫剂的房屋可预防疟疾感染（比值比=0.33，95%置信区间：0.11，0.92）。此外，使用蚊帐与感染风险显著降低相关（比值比=0.19，95%置信区间：0.09，0.37）。
房屋建造类型、不使用蚊帐、杀虫剂喷洒以及居住在积水附近是研究区域内与疟疾阳性相关的危险因素。
