Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065.
Microbiol Spectr. 2016 Dec;4(6). doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.MCHD-0045-2016.
A key determinant for the survival of organisms is their capacity to recognize and respond efficiently to foreign antigens. This is largely accomplished by the orchestrated activity of the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system. Antibodies are specifically generated in response to foreign antigens, facilitating thereby the specific recognition of antigens of almost infinite diversity. Receptors specific for the Fc domain of antibodies, Fc receptors, are expressed on the surface of the various myeloid leukocyte populations and mediate the binding and recognition of antibodies by innate leukocytes. By directly linking the innate and the adaptive components of immunity, Fc receptors play a central role in host defense and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis through the induction of diverse proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory processes that are initiated upon engagement by the Fc domain. In this chapter, we discuss the mechanisms that regulate Fc domain binding to the various types of Fc receptors and provide an overview of the astonishing diversity of effector functions that are mediated through Fc-FcR interactions on myeloid cells. Lastly, we discuss the impact of FcR-mediated interactions in the context of IgG-mediated inflammation, autoimmunity, susceptibility to infection, and responsiveness to antibody-based therapeutics.
生物体生存的一个关键决定因素是它们识别和有效应对外来抗原的能力。这在很大程度上是通过免疫系统的先天和适应性分支的协调活动来完成的。抗体是专门针对外来抗原产生的，从而促进了对几乎无限多样的抗原的特异性识别。特异性结合抗体 Fc 结构域的受体，Fc 受体，表达在各种髓样白细胞群体的表面，并介导先天白细胞对抗体的结合和识别。通过直接将先天免疫和适应性免疫成分联系起来，Fc 受体通过诱导各种启动于 Fc 结构域结合的促炎、抗炎和免疫调节过程，在宿主防御和组织稳态维持中发挥核心作用。在本章中，我们讨论了调节 Fc 结构域与各种类型 Fc 受体结合的机制，并概述了通过髓样细胞上的 Fc-FcR 相互作用介导的惊人多样的效应功能。最后，我们讨论了 FcR 介导的相互作用在 IgG 介导的炎症、自身免疫、易感性感染和对抗体治疗的反应性背景下的影响。
