Pando Rakefet, Drori Yaron, Friedman Nehemya, Glatman-Freedman Aharona, Sefty Hanna, Shohat Tamar, Mendelson Ella, Hindiyeh Musa, Mandelboim Michal
The Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
J Clin Virol. 2017 Mar;88:12-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2017.01.002. Epub 2017 Jan 6.
Influenza A and B viruses co-infections are rare events and mainly occurred in immunocompromised patients.
In this study we report an unusually high occurrence of influenza A (H1N1)pdm 2009 and influenza B virus co-infections during the epidemic year 2015-2016.
Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 1919 patients visiting 26 outpatient clinics distributed throughout Israel and presenting with influenza-like illness. In addition, hospitalized patient tested for influenza viruses were also included in the study. Patients samples collected between October 2015 and April 2016 were tested for the presence of influenza viruses by real-time PCR.
Of the 1919 patient samples tested, 11 (0.6%) were co-infected with both influenza A(H1N1)pdm 2009 and influenza B/Victoria viruses. Similar observation was noted in four hospitalized patients during the same period. Patients at ages 1-72 years, and their clinical symptoms were similar to that of patients infected with either influenza A or B viruses. Of all patients, only one hospitalized patient was immunocompromised.
Co-infection of influenza A(H1N1)pdm 2009 and influenza B viruses is an increasingly recognized phenomenon. This co-infection can occur not only in immunocompromised individuals, but also in immunocompetent patients. Although co-infection appears to be a rare event, it may still play a role in the epidemiology, pathogenicity and evolution of influenza viruses.
甲型和乙型流感病毒合并感染较为罕见，主要发生在免疫功能低下的患者中。
在本研究中，我们报告了2015 - 2016年流行期间甲型（H1N1）pdm2009流感病毒和乙型流感病毒合并感染的异常高发情况。
从以色列各地26家门诊就诊的1919例出现流感样疾病的患者中采集鼻咽拭子。此外，研究还纳入了检测流感病毒的住院患者。对2015年10月至2016年4月期间采集的患者样本进行实时PCR检测，以确定是否存在流感病毒。
在检测的1919份患者样本中，有11份（0.6%）同时感染了甲型（H1N1）pdm2009流感病毒和乙型/维多利亚病毒。同期在4例住院患者中也观察到类似情况。患者年龄在1 - 72岁之间，其临床症状与感染甲型或乙型流感病毒的患者相似。所有患者中，只有1例住院患者免疫功能低下。
甲型（H1N1）pdm2009流感病毒和乙型流感病毒合并感染是一种日益受到认可的现象。这种合并感染不仅可发生在免疫功能低下的个体中，也可发生在免疫功能正常的患者中。虽然合并感染似乎是一种罕见事件，但它仍可能在流感病毒的流行病学、致病性和进化中发挥作用。
